GCSE results (‘Attainment 8’) for children aged 14 to 16 (key stage 4)
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Last updated 5 March 2018 - see all updates
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- 1. Navigate to Main facts and figures section
- 2. Navigate toGCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity section
- 3. Navigate toGCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and eligibility for free school meals (FSM) section
- 4. Navigate toGCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and area section
- 5. Navigate toGCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and gender section
- 6. Navigate toGCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, gender and eligibility for free school meals (FSM) section
- 7. Navigate toGCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, gender and area section
- 8. Navigate toGCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, basis for school admission and gender section
- 9. Navigate toGCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and type of school section
- 10. Navigate toGCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, special education needs (SEN) and gender section
- 11. Navigate toGCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, religion of school and gender section
- 12. Navigate to Methodology section
- 13. Navigate to Data sources section
- 14. Navigate to Download the data section
1. Main facts and figures
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in 2015/16, there were 540,689 pupils in key stage 4 at state-funded mainstream schools in England, and ethnicity was known for 534,918 (99%) of them
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78% were White, 9% were Asian, 5% were Black, 4% were Mixed, 1.5% came from the Other ethnic group and 0.4% were Chinese
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Chinese, Asian and Mixed pupils on average scored higher than the national average for Attainment 8
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White pupils and Black pupils scored at or just below the national average for Attainment 8
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Gypsy/Roma and Irish Traveller pupils had the lowest average score for Attainment 8
Things you need to know
Please be aware that some of the statistics quoted here for some ethnic groups are based on very small numbers of pupils (for example, only 130 Chinese children were eligible for free school meals in 2015/16) and are highly variable over time.
Because the results for Chinese pupils are based on a very small number, the average score for this group can be heavily influenced by one pupil either performing exceptionally, or getting a very low score.
Attainment is lower for children from a Traveller of Irish heritage background – however, there were only 122 pupils from this background in key stage 4 in 2015/16. This was a much smaller number than for other ethnic groups (for example, there were 20,434 Pakistani pupils in key stage 4). Therefore, data comparisons between Traveller of Irish Heritage pupils and other ethnic groups may be unreliable.
The ethnicity of 1.1% of pupils (5,771) is not known. This includes pupils whose ethnicity was not surveyed, pupils who refused to be surveyed, and pupils whose ethnicity could not be determined.
The Department of Education (DfE) has excluded, or ‘suppressed’, very small numbers (for example, values of 1 or 2, a percentage based on 1 or 2 pupils who achieved, or 0, 1 or 2 pupils who did not achieve a particular level).
This is because, where the size of the ethnic group population is small enough that an individual’s identity could be revealed, information is suppressed to preserve confidentiality. This is consistent with DfE’s statistical policy statement on confidentiality (PDF opens in a new window or tab) (PDF).
The Attainment 8 measure only includes qualifications which count towards the secondary performance tables.
Schools that offer unapproved qualifications, such as unregulated international GCSEs, will not have these qualifications counted in the performance tables. Achievements in these qualifications by pupils at such schools are not reflected in this data.
This data therefore represents the performance of schools and pupils in qualifications which count in the performance tables, rather than all qualifications taken by pupils. The difference between the figures for all schools and state-funded mainstream schools is mostly due to the impact of the unregulated international GCSEs taken in independent schools.
Data for some Muslim and Sikh schools was not included in the statistics for faith schools, because the small numbers of pupils make it impossible to draw meaningful conclusions about their attainment. Data for faith schools is also only provided for pupils in state-funded mainstream schools.
Schools can ask for a pupil to be removed from their performance results if the pupil:
- arrived recently from overseas their first language isn’t English
- was admitted following a permanent exclusion from another school
- is not at the end of key stage 4
- has left England to live abroad
- has died
Pupils removed from a school’s performance results may still be included in the national figures.
What the data measures
This data measures how children perform in exams for 8 GCSE-level qualifications, referred to by the Department of Education (DfE) as ‘Attainment 8’.
The data covers the academic year 2015/16 (September 2015 to July 2016).
Key stage 4 covers school years 10 and 11, when children are aged 14 to 16.
Attainment 8 is one of two ways of measuring how well children do in key stage 4, brought in by DfE in 2016. The other is ‘Progress 8’. (You can see an analysis of Progress 8 scores broken down by ethnicity.)
The 8 subjects which make up Attainment 8 include English and Maths, which are both ‘double-weighted’, meaning they are given twice the importance of other subjects.
Of the remaining 6 subjects, 3 must come from qualifications that go towards the English Baccalaureate (EBacc), and 3 can be either EBacc subjects, GCSE subjects, or technical qualifications from a list approved by the Department of Education.
Each individual grade a pupil achieves is assigned a point score, which is then used to calculate their total Attainment 8 score.
To calculate the national average for Attainment 8, DfE adds together all the Attainment 8 scores given to individual children, and divides them by the total number of pupils in key stage 4.
The ethnic categories used in this data
This data uses categories from the Department for Education’s school census, which is broadly based on the 2001 national Census, with 3 exceptions:
- Traveller of Irish Heritage and Gypsy/Roma children have been separated into 2 categories
- Sri Lankan has been added to the Asian/Asian British group but is not reported separately
- Chinese pupils have been assigned a separate category
These changes were made after consultations with local authorities and lobby groups.
The categories in the school census are as follows:
White:
- White British
- White Irish
- Traveller of Irish Heritage
- Gypsy/Roma
- Other White
Mixed/Multiple ethnic groups:
- White and Black Caribbean
- White and Black African
- White and Asian
- Other Mixed background
Asian/Asian British:
- Indian
- Pakistani
- Bangladeshi
- Sri Lankan
- Other Asian background
Black/African/Caribbean/Black British:
- Black African
- Black Caribbean
- Other Black background
- Chinese
- Other ethnic group
Information is provided for both detailed and broad ethnic groups where possible and when the data is available.
The 6 broad categories used are as follows:
- Asian/Asian British
- Black/African/Caribbean/Black British
- Chinese
- Mixed/Multiple ethnic groups
- White
- Other ethnic group
However, local authority data is only provided for 5 broad ethnic groups. Information about the specific ethnic categories is excluded to preserve confidentiality and ensure individuals cannot be identified. Information about the Other ethnic group is not given because DfE does not publish data for this group at the local authority level.
The 5 broad categories are as follows:
- Asian/Asian British
- Black/African/Caribbean/Black British
- Chinese
- Mixed/Multiple ethnic groups
- White
2. GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity
Ethnicity | Score | Pupils |
---|---|---|
All | 50 | 540,689 |
Asian | 53 | 51,218 |
Bangladeshi | 52 | 8,319 |
Indian | 57 | 14,046 |
Pakistani | 49 | 20,434 |
Asian other | 55 | 8,419 |
Black | 49 | 27,924 |
Black African | 50 | 17,349 |
Black Caribbean | 45 | 7,216 |
Black other | 47 | 3,359 |
Chinese | 62 | 2,026 |
Mixed | 51 | 22,868 |
Mixed White/Asian | 55 | 5,089 |
Mixed White/Black African | 50 | 2,687 |
Mixed White/Black Caribbean | 46 | 7,160 |
Mixed other | 52 | 7,932 |
White | 50 | 422,763 |
White British | 50 | 395,316 |
White Irish | 55 | 1,774 |
White Irish Traveller | 29 | 122 |
White Gypsy/Roma | 20 | 1,107 |
White other | 50 | 24,444 |
Other | 50 | 8,119 |
Unknown | 44 | 5,771 |
Download table data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity’ (CSV) Source data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity’ (CSV)
Summary of GCSE results (‘Attainment 8’) for children aged 14 to 16 (key stage 4) GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity Summary
This data shows that:
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the average Attainment 8 score for all pupils in both state-funded mainstream and special schools was 50
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among the broad ethnic groups, Chinese pupils scored an average of 62 and Asian pupils an average of 53, both higher than the national average for Attainment 8
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Mixed race pupils scored an average of 51, White pupils 50, and Black pupils 49
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looking at the specific ethnic minority categories, Indian pupils scored an average of 57, and Gypsy/Roma children had the lowest average score, at 20
3. GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and eligibility for free school meals (FSM)
Non-FSM | FSM | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Ethnicity | Non-FSM Score | Non-FSM Pupils | FSM Score | FSM Pupils |
All | 52 | 468,161 | 39 | 72,528 |
Asian | 54 | 42,200 | 47 | 9,018 |
Bangladeshi | 53 | 5,858 | 50 | 2,461 |
Indian | 58 | 13,004 | 49 | 1,042 |
Pakistani | 50 | 15,898 | 44 | 4,536 |
Asian other | 56 | 7,440 | 48 | 979 |
Black | 50 | 21,380 | 44 | 6,544 |
Black African | 52 | 13,263 | 46 | 4,086 |
Black Caribbean | 47 | 5,527 | 40 | 1,689 |
Black other | 48 | 2,590 | 42 | 769 |
Chinese | 63 | 1,896 | 59 | 130 |
Mixed | 53 | 18,628 | 41 | 4,240 |
Mixed White/Asian | 56 | 4,357 | 43 | 732 |
Mixed White/Black African | 52 | 2,158 | 44 | 529 |
Mixed White/Black Caribbean | 49 | 5,540 | 39 | 1,620 |
Mixed other | 54 | 6,573 | 42 | 1,359 |
White | 51 | 373,168 | 37 | 49,595 |
White British | 52 | 348,878 | 36 | 46,438 |
White Irish | 57 | 1,561 | 40 | 213 |
White Irish Traveller | 35 | 49 | 26 | 73 |
White Gypsy/Roma | 20 | 777 | 21 | 330 |
White other | 50 | 21,903 | 43 | 2,541 |
Other | 52 | 6,095 | 46 | 2,024 |
Unknown | 46 | 4,794 | 37 | 977 |
Download table data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and eligibility for free school meals (FSM)’ (CSV) Source data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and eligibility for free school meals (FSM)’ (CSV)
Summary of GCSE results (‘Attainment 8’) for children aged 14 to 16 (key stage 4) GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and eligibility for free school meals (FSM) Summary
Eligibility for free school meals (FSM) is used as an indicator of deprivation by the Department for Education. For more about who qualifies for FSM, see the Methodology section.
This data shows that:
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13% of pupils (72,528 children) in key stage 4 were eligible for free school meals (FSM) in 2015/16
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25% of pupils from the Other ethnic background, 23% of Black pupils, 19% of pupils from a Mixed race background, 18% of Asian pupils, 12% of White pupils and 6% of Chinese pupils were eligible for FSM
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pupils eligible for FSM had an average Attainment 8 score of 39, which is 13 points lower than the average for all other children
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the average score was lower for pupils eligible for FSM across all ethnicities, with the exception of Gypsy/Roma children, where there was little difference between those eligible and those not eligible
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Chinese pupils eligible for FSM had the highest score (59) in this group of pupils, and White pupils eligible for FSM the lowest (37)
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White Irish pupils saw the biggest gap between the 2 groups, at 17 points, with FSM-eligible pupils scoring an average of 40 and those non-eligible scoring 57
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please be aware that the statistics quoted here for some ethnic groups are based on very small numbers of pupils (for example, only 130 Chinese children were eligible for FSM in 2015/16) and are highly variable over time
4. GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and area
All | Asian | Black | Chinese | Mixed | White | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Local authority | All Score | All Pupils | Asian Score | Asian Pupils | Black Score | Black Pupils | Chinese Score | Chinese Pupils | Mixed Score | Mixed Pupils | White Score | White Pupils |
County Durham | 49 | 4,979 | 59 | 33 | 43 | 6 | 58 | 6 | 52 | 42 | 49 | 4,846 |
Darlington | 48 | 1,139 | 47 | 21 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 62 | 3 | 51 | 15 | 48 | 1,086 |
Gateshead | 50 | 1,913 | 60 | 35 | 56 | 14 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 61 | 20 | 50 | 1,810 |
Hartlepool | 47 | 1,068 | 54 | 14 | 55 | 5 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 52 | 8 | 47 | 1,036 |
Middlesbrough | 46 | 1,464 | 52 | 172 | 52 | 15 | N/A* | 0 | 51 | 53 | 46 | 1,164 |
Newcastle upon Tyne | 49 | 2,393 | 52 | 249 | 50 | 80 | 55 | 13 | 54 | 65 | 48 | 1,913 |
North Tyneside | 51 | 1,945 | 51 | 38 | 53 | 11 | 67 | 9 | 54 | 35 | 51 | 1,833 |
Northumberland | 48 | 3,198 | 56 | 42 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 69 | 6 | 53 | 36 | 48 | 3,100 |
Redcar and Cleveland | 48 | 1,620 | 49 | 21 | 54 | 3 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 53 | 20 | 48 | 1,567 |
South Tyneside | 49 | 1,535 | 52 | 57 | 38 | 8 | N/A* | 0 | 46 | 17 | 49 | 1,421 |
Stockton-on-Tees | 50 | 1,994 | 52 | 106 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 51 | 25 | 50 | 1,842 |
Sunderland | 48 | 2,828 | 55 | 90 | 51 | 16 | 65 | 3 | 48 | 27 | 48 | 2,677 |
Blackburn with Darwen | 50 | 1,754 | 52 | 735 | 46 | 15 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 51 | 61 | 49 | 922 |
Blackpool | 44 | 1,331 | 53 | 19 | 43 | 9 | 60 | 5 | 46 | 24 | 44 | 1,270 |
Bolton | 49 | 3,240 | 54 | 611 | 43 | 124 | 57 | 7 | 48 | 88 | 48 | 2,354 |
Bury | 51 | 2,060 | 52 | 244 | 48 | 36 | 50 | 4 | 51 | 101 | 51 | 1,636 |
Cheshire East | 52 | 3,740 | 51 | 62 | 48 | 13 | 60 | 15 | 51 | 93 | 52 | 3,509 |
Cheshire West and Chester | 51 | 3,443 | 57 | 37 | 43 | 12 | 59 | 8 | 51 | 72 | 51 | 3,283 |
Cumbria | 49 | 5,134 | 54 | 31 | 48 | 13 | 65 | 9 | 56 | 53 | 49 | 4,987 |
Halton | 49 | 1,373 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | N/A* | 0 | 55 | 25 | 49 | 1,335 |
Knowsley | 39 | 1,147 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 48 | 21 | 39 | 1,103 |
Lancashire | 50 | 12,106 | 50 | 1,147 | 52 | 38 | 63 | 32 | 51 | 277 | 50 | 10,512 |
Liverpool | 47 | 4,611 | 55 | 132 | 47 | 137 | 63 | 45 | 45 | 203 | 47 | 3,919 |
Manchester | 47 | 4,715 | 51 | 974 | 49 | 741 | 60 | 43 | 45 | 344 | 45 | 2,312 |
Oldham | 46 | 2,920 | 46 | 822 | 44 | 47 | 65 | 7 | 44 | 90 | 46 | 1,901 |
Rochdale | 48 | 2,315 | 49 | 551 | 52 | 63 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 52 | 83 | 48 | 1,601 |
Salford | 47 | 2,084 | 55 | 38 | 52 | 78 | 58 | 6 | 50 | 80 | 46 | 1,832 |
Sefton | 49 | 3,076 | 52 | 23 | 46 | 15 | 59 | 8 | 50 | 60 | 50 | 2,896 |
St. Helens | 49 | 1,767 | 56 | 14 | 54 | 8 | 71 | 4 | 57 | 15 | 49 | 1,675 |
Stockport | 52 | 2,816 | 53 | 168 | 50 | 21 | 52 | 16 | 53 | 105 | 52 | 2,463 |
Tameside | 49 | 2,493 | 52 | 253 | 48 | 35 | 57 | 12 | 52 | 74 | 49 | 2,078 |
Trafford | 57 | 2,758 | 59 | 327 | 54 | 75 | 68 | 49 | 57 | 132 | 56 | 2,118 |
Warrington | 50 | 2,365 | 56 | 49 | 42 | 14 | 64 | 6 | 46 | 35 | 50 | 2,216 |
Wigan | 51 | 3,407 | 53 | 30 | 53 | 16 | 65 | 3 | 51 | 66 | 51 | 3,271 |
Wirral | 52 | 3,402 | 59 | 64 | 57 | 8 | 63 | 14 | 53 | 69 | 52 | 3,222 |
Barnsley | 47 | 2,088 | 44 | 6 | 45 | 15 | N/A* | 0 | 51 | 35 | 47 | 2,018 |
Bradford | 46 | 5,859 | 46 | 2,482 | 45 | 81 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 44 | 218 | 46 | 2,979 |
Calderdale | 52 | 2,524 | 49 | 375 | 53 | 20 | 60 | 4 | 49 | 93 | 52 | 2,021 |
Doncaster | 47 | 3,026 | 49 | 77 | 42 | 35 | 62 | 10 | 48 | 61 | 47 | 2,808 |
East Riding of Yorkshire | 52 | 3,346 | 49 | 12 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 63 | 3 | 52 | 46 | 52 | 3,222 |
Kingston upon Hull, City of | 48 | 2,255 | 56 | 17 | 46 | 23 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 53 | 44 | 48 | 2,028 |
Kirklees | 49 | 4,534 | 50 | 1,139 | 46 | 85 | 63 | 10 | 45 | 225 | 49 | 3,029 |
Leeds | 48 | 7,483 | 48 | 849 | 46 | 440 | 61 | 28 | 48 | 335 | 49 | 5,700 |
North East Lincolnshire | 48 | 1,596 | 60 | 10 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 49 | 38 | 48 | 1,486 |
North Lincolnshire | 49 | 1,856 | 54 | 62 | 51 | 11 | 72 | 4 | 52 | 19 | 49 | 1,751 |
North Yorkshire | 52 | 6,188 | 57 | 93 | 48 | 18 | 67 | 13 | 55 | 124 | 52 | 5,886 |
Rotherham | 49 | 3,335 | 48 | 231 | 51 | 38 | 67 | 8 | 50 | 58 | 49 | 2,980 |
Sheffield | 48 | 5,242 | 47 | 501 | 47 | 260 | 66 | 18 | 46 | 265 | 49 | 4,001 |
Wakefield | 49 | 3,645 | 49 | 116 | 46 | 38 | 52 | 6 | 51 | 64 | 49 | 3,407 |
York | 53 | 1,585 | 70 | 11 | 54 | 9 | 62 | 9 | 59 | 33 | 53 | 1,511 |
Derby | 46 | 2,787 | 48 | 482 | 44 | 85 | 64 | 8 | 46 | 166 | 46 | 2,015 |
Derbyshire | 49 | 7,628 | 49 | 75 | 54 | 19 | 52 | 14 | 49 | 161 | 49 | 7,297 |
Leicester | 46 | 3,409 | 51 | 1,631 | 46 | 345 | 62 | 3 | 44 | 210 | 40 | 1,149 |
Leicestershire | 50 | 7,017 | 57 | 505 | 50 | 43 | 56 | 22 | 51 | 246 | 49 | 6,108 |
Lincolnshire | 50 | 7,807 | 65 | 76 | 51 | 34 | 65 | 33 | 55 | 134 | 50 | 7,464 |
Northamptonshire | 48 | 7,650 | 53 | 326 | 48 | 282 | 63 | 20 | 48 | 327 | 48 | 6,612 |
Nottingham | 45 | 2,534 | 51 | 438 | 47 | 248 | 63 | 8 | 45 | 231 | 43 | 1,528 |
Nottinghamshire | 51 | 7,883 | 55 | 180 | 52 | 78 | 64 | 25 | 51 | 255 | 51 | 7,243 |
Rutland | 55 | 489 | 48 | 4 | 52 | 3 | N/A* | 0 | 50 | 9 | 55 | 472 |
Birmingham | 49 | 12,035 | 50 | 4,580 | 48 | 1,489 | 66 | 45 | 50 | 834 | 49 | 4,492 |
Coventry | 48 | 3,463 | 53 | 660 | 48 | 276 | 59 | 9 | 45 | 181 | 47 | 2,275 |
Dudley | 48 | 3,591 | 49 | 298 | 46 | 70 | 59 | 4 | 46 | 183 | 48 | 2,974 |
Herefordshire, County of | 49 | 1,732 | 52 | 5 | 47 | 5 | 59 | 4 | 58 | 25 | 49 | 1,681 |
Sandwell | 45 | 3,499 | 50 | 934 | 45 | 257 | 64 | 5 | 43 | 223 | 43 | 1,986 |
Shropshire | 51 | 2,986 | 53 | 19 | 52 | 7 | 52 | 8 | 52 | 53 | 51 | 2,857 |
Solihull | 51 | 2,987 | 54 | 278 | 50 | 72 | 55 | 10 | 48 | 181 | 52 | 2,375 |
Staffordshire | 49 | 8,758 | 50 | 254 | 49 | 37 | 61 | 20 | 49 | 189 | 49 | 8,176 |
Stoke-on-Trent | 47 | 2,269 | 50 | 301 | 47 | 48 | 62 | 9 | 46 | 69 | 47 | 1,801 |
Telford and Wrekin | 50 | 2,014 | 49 | 117 | 51 | 36 | 60 | 9 | 50 | 70 | 49 | 1,769 |
Walsall | 48 | 3,261 | 52 | 628 | 48 | 139 | 64 | 3 | 48 | 155 | 47 | 2,306 |
Warwickshire | 52 | 5,585 | 57 | 263 | 48 | 50 | 60 | 16 | 54 | 187 | 52 | 5,003 |
Wolverhampton | 48 | 2,470 | 54 | 530 | 46 | 221 | 56 | 3 | 45 | 223 | 46 | 1,457 |
Worcestershire | 51 | 5,565 | 50 | 142 | 44 | 20 | 60 | 8 | 50 | 169 | 51 | 5,183 |
Bedford | 49 | 1,862 | 51 | 273 | 47 | 109 | 68 | 3 | 46 | 143 | 50 | 1,308 |
Cambridgeshire | 52 | 5,707 | 56 | 190 | 48 | 56 | 63 | 30 | 55 | 194 | 51 | 5,139 |
Central Bedfordshire | 49 | 2,596 | 50 | 46 | 48 | 44 | 60 | 10 | 49 | 103 | 49 | 2,376 |
Essex | 50 | 14,607 | 62 | 337 | 54 | 333 | 59 | 51 | 52 | 541 | 50 | 13,142 |
Hertfordshire | 53 | 12,613 | 57 | 849 | 53 | 447 | 65 | 63 | 53 | 702 | 53 | 10,336 |
Luton | 48 | 2,442 | 49 | 967 | 49 | 294 | 56 | 4 | 46 | 192 | 46 | 937 |
Norfolk | 49 | 8,014 | 59 | 88 | 51 | 68 | 61 | 25 | 49 | 178 | 49 | 7,551 |
Peterborough | 47 | 2,292 | 48 | 367 | 52 | 73 | 65 | 8 | 49 | 105 | 46 | 1,698 |
Southend-on-Sea | 54 | 2,047 | 62 | 135 | 59 | 125 | 66 | 22 | 52 | 91 | 52 | 1,649 |
Suffolk | 49 | 7,158 | 53 | 102 | 46 | 53 | 55 | 4 | 49 | 305 | 49 | 6,440 |
Thurrock | 48 | 1,721 | 53 | 65 | 53 | 164 | 61 | 9 | 52 | 61 | 47 | 1,385 |
Camden | 51 | 1,422 | 50 | 272 | 48 | 345 | 66 | 10 | 48 | 142 | 52 | 549 |
City of London | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* |
Hackney | 53 | 2,038 | 54 | 272 | 50 | 719 | 68 | 12 | 53 | 193 | 55 | 687 |
Hammersmith and Fulham | 54 | 1,350 | 55 | 116 | 48 | 333 | 66 | 6 | 53 | 133 | 57 | 624 |
Haringey | 50 | 2,231 | 52 | 127 | 46 | 639 | 55 | 12 | 52 | 253 | 52 | 1,005 |
Islington | 51 | 1,397 | 55 | 170 | 49 | 423 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 49 | 158 | 50 | 506 |
Kensington and Chelsea | 57 | 740 | 59 | 26 | 52 | 148 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 56 | 113 | 58 | 297 |
Lambeth | 50 | 1,887 | 55 | 79 | 48 | 945 | 64 | 15 | 49 | 228 | 53 | 491 |
Lewisham | 48 | 2,334 | 53 | 129 | 46 | 1,041 | 61 | 37 | 50 | 286 | 47 | 698 |
Newham | 51 | 3,489 | 54 | 1,601 | 49 | 917 | 60 | 11 | 48 | 199 | 46 | 582 |
Southwark | 53 | 2,386 | 56 | 124 | 52 | 1,094 | 64 | 34 | 53 | 255 | 53 | 685 |
Tower Hamlets | 50 | 2,570 | 52 | 1,685 | 49 | 307 | 68 | 10 | 47 | 129 | 46 | 316 |
Wandsworth | 52 | 1,660 | 55 | 333 | 48 | 458 | 67 | 14 | 52 | 188 | 53 | 571 |
Westminster | 55 | 1,566 | 55 | 199 | 51 | 333 | 66 | 18 | 55 | 130 | 58 | 483 |
Barking and Dagenham | 50 | 2,201 | 55 | 398 | 51 | 551 | 55 | 6 | 47 | 141 | 47 | 1,051 |
Barnet | 56 | 3,647 | 63 | 512 | 51 | 489 | 68 | 46 | 58 | 363 | 55 | 1,835 |
Bexley | 52 | 3,192 | 60 | 207 | 57 | 532 | 63 | 40 | 51 | 161 | 50 | 2,183 |
Brent | 52 | 3,035 | 54 | 900 | 46 | 767 | 62 | 9 | 49 | 158 | 49 | 579 |
Bromley | 54 | 3,305 | 66 | 167 | 52 | 272 | 66 | 36 | 56 | 229 | 54 | 2,419 |
Croydon | 49 | 3,844 | 55 | 453 | 48 | 1,124 | 65 | 21 | 49 | 424 | 50 | 1,534 |
Ealing | 51 | 2,781 | 52 | 747 | 47 | 574 | 64 | 5 | 52 | 195 | 52 | 826 |
Enfield | 50 | 3,579 | 59 | 313 | 48 | 879 | 67 | 20 | 51 | 324 | 50 | 1,754 |
Greenwich | 50 | 2,204 | 56 | 207 | 51 | 604 | 61 | 24 | 50 | 208 | 47 | 1,071 |
Harrow | 53 | 2,127 | 56 | 900 | 49 | 344 | 63 | 11 | 52 | 163 | 52 | 610 |
Havering | 50 | 2,917 | 55 | 117 | 51 | 362 | 62 | 11 | 51 | 127 | 50 | 2,237 |
Hillingdon | 51 | 3,136 | 56 | 751 | 48 | 327 | 62 | 12 | 52 | 299 | 48 | 1,479 |
Hounslow | 51 | 2,667 | 57 | 696 | 50 | 344 | 52 | 5 | 56 | 224 | 53 | 951 |
Kingston upon Thames | 58 | 1,515 | 63 | 343 | 52 | 73 | 71 | 23 | 61 | 115 | 56 | 871 |
Merton | 52 | 1,440 | 55 | 222 | 50 | 299 | 64 | 6 | 54 | 155 | 52 | 734 |
Redbridge | 54 | 3,363 | 57 | 1,623 | 50 | 494 | 66 | 20 | 52 | 230 | 52 | 903 |
Richmond upon Thames | 55 | 1,367 | 56 | 96 | 45 | 48 | 61 | 12 | 52 | 135 | 55 | 1,025 |
Sutton | 59 | 2,667 | 68 | 524 | 59 | 212 | 74 | 41 | 60 | 201 | 55 | 1,623 |
Waltham Forest | 50 | 2,539 | 53 | 635 | 47 | 598 | 53 | 22 | 50 | 227 | 51 | 969 |
Bracknell Forest | 51 | 1,076 | 58 | 41 | 50 | 26 | 64 | 4 | 54 | 49 | 51 | 946 |
Brighton and Hove | 50 | 2,139 | 50 | 82 | 46 | 41 | 71 | 3 | 52 | 181 | 50 | 1,802 |
Buckinghamshire | 55 | 5,622 | 55 | 855 | 49 | 132 | 63 | 18 | 54 | 312 | 56 | 4,220 |
East Sussex | 49 | 4,930 | 54 | 60 | 50 | 31 | 65 | 9 | 50 | 166 | 49 | 4,532 |
Hampshire | 51 | 13,101 | 55 | 333 | 48 | 115 | 64 | 35 | 52 | 350 | 51 | 12,110 |
Isle of Wight | 44 | 1,305 | 43 | 12 | N/A* | 0 | 38 | 3 | 48 | 27 | 44 | 1,249 |
Kent | 50 | 15,727 | 61 | 526 | 56 | 303 | 66 | 64 | 55 | 536 | 50 | 14,022 |
Medway | 50 | 2,967 | 59 | 157 | 52 | 116 | 67 | 11 | 51 | 125 | 49 | 2,508 |
Milton Keynes | 49 | 2,800 | 53 | 204 | 49 | 338 | 55 | 15 | 50 | 187 | 48 | 1,994 |
Oxfordshire | 50 | 5,975 | 49 | 317 | 47 | 126 | 62 | 26 | 48 | 288 | 51 | 5,136 |
Portsmouth | 46 | 1,729 | 54 | 95 | 49 | 33 | 64 | 7 | 52 | 54 | 46 | 1,515 |
Reading | 51 | 1,169 | 59 | 221 | 46 | 90 | 78 | 21 | 45 | 98 | 50 | 711 |
Slough | 55 | 1,632 | 58 | 798 | 50 | 148 | 73 | 5 | 55 | 112 | 51 | 497 |
Southampton | 48 | 1,952 | 56 | 176 | 50 | 56 | 61 | 9 | 46 | 95 | 46 | 1,593 |
Surrey | 53 | 10,399 | 56 | 602 | 50 | 180 | 61 | 44 | 55 | 473 | 53 | 8,958 |
West Berkshire | 51 | 1,906 | 57 | 50 | 45 | 25 | 62 | 12 | 52 | 75 | 52 | 1,704 |
West Sussex | 51 | 8,118 | 55 | 330 | 42 | 120 | 58 | 12 | 51 | 258 | 51 | 7,316 |
Windsor and Maidenhead | 53 | 1,470 | 51 | 191 | 50 | 29 | 64 | 8 | 56 | 99 | 53 | 1,119 |
Wokingham | 54 | 1,601 | 53 | 166 | 50 | 75 | 67 | 10 | 49 | 89 | 54 | 1,231 |
Bath and North East Somerset | 52 | 2,022 | 52 | 24 | 46 | 24 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 48 | 74 | 52 | 1,863 |
Bournemouth | 51 | 1,617 | 65 | 40 | 52 | 17 | 63 | 7 | 54 | 73 | 50 | 1,429 |
Bristol, City of | 48 | 3,138 | 50 | 253 | 42 | 282 | 57 | 15 | 48 | 209 | 48 | 2,316 |
Cornwall | 50 | 5,432 | 54 | 21 | 46 | 9 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 53 | 99 | 50 | 5,232 |
Devon | 51 | 6,971 | 57 | 26 | 54 | 14 | 63 | 13 | 53 | 95 | 50 | 6,726 |
Dorset | 50 | 4,153 | 49 | 46 | 44 | 9 | 65 | 11 | 50 | 80 | 50 | 3,933 |
Gloucestershire | 52 | 6,385 | 61 | 146 | 45 | 63 | 62 | 23 | 51 | 195 | 52 | 5,882 |
Isles of Scilly | 50 | 23 | N/A* | 0 | N/A* | 0 | N/A* | 0 | N/A* | 0 | 49 | 21 |
North Somerset | 50 | 2,176 | 54 | 32 | 42 | 15 | 58 | 6 | 55 | 66 | 50 | 2,043 |
Plymouth | 48 | 2,640 | 61 | 25 | 43 | 18 | 60 | 13 | 53 | 43 | 48 | 2,489 |
Poole | 53 | 1,438 | 59 | 31 | 48 | 4 | 68 | 5 | 55 | 47 | 52 | 1,338 |
Somerset | 50 | 5,137 | 55 | 50 | 44 | 14 | 61 | 11 | 53 | 100 | 50 | 4,933 |
South Gloucestershire | 48 | 2,770 | 52 | 67 | 44 | 43 | 66 | 6 | 48 | 109 | 48 | 2,530 |
Swindon | 48 | 2,109 | 51 | 195 | 50 | 42 | 57 | 10 | 51 | 60 | 48 | 1,756 |
Torbay | 51 | 1,511 | 59 | 12 | 47 | 7 | 69 | 8 | 58 | 40 | 52 | 1,335 |
Wiltshire | 51 | 4,899 | 57 | 70 | 49 | 38 | 69 | 6 | 54 | 115 | 51 | 4,582 |
Download table data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and area’ (CSV) Source data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and area’ (CSV)
Summary of GCSE results (‘Attainment 8’) for children aged 14 to 16 (key stage 4) GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and area Summary
This data shows that:
-
Sutton has the highest average Attainment 8 score (59) and Knowsley the lowest (39)
-
the average score for Attainment 8 was lower in the Midlands and northern parts of the country than in the south of England and London
-
White pupils achieved their highest average score (58) in Westminster, and Kensington and Chelsea
-
pupils of Mixed ethnicity achieved their highest average score in Kingston-Upon-Thames and Gateshead (61)
-
Asian pupils achieved their highest average score in York (70)
-
Black pupils pupils achieved their highest average score in Southend-on-Sea and Sutton (59)
-
Chinese pupils pupils achieved their highest average score in Reading (78)
-
the lowest scores for Attainment 8 were found in Knowsley (for White pupils), in Sandwell (for Mixed pupils), on the Isle of Wight (for Asian and Chinese pupils), and in South Tyneside (for Black pupils)
5. GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and gender
All | Boys | Girls | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ethnicity | All Score | All Pupils | Boys Score | Boys Pupils | Girls Score | Girls Pupils |
All | 50 | 540,689 | 48 | 275,606 | 52 | 265,083 |
Asian | 53 | 51,218 | 50 | 26,559 | 55 | 24,659 |
Bangladeshi | 52 | 8,319 | 50 | 4,239 | 54 | 4,080 |
Indian | 57 | 14,046 | 55 | 7,321 | 59 | 6,725 |
Pakistani | 49 | 20,434 | 46 | 10,559 | 51 | 9,875 |
Asian other | 55 | 8,419 | 52 | 4,440 | 58 | 3,979 |
Black | 49 | 27,924 | 46 | 13,911 | 52 | 14,013 |
Black African | 50 | 17,349 | 48 | 8,669 | 53 | 8,680 |
Black Caribbean | 45 | 7,216 | 42 | 3,548 | 49 | 3,668 |
Black other | 47 | 3,359 | 43 | 1,694 | 51 | 1,665 |
Chinese | 62 | 2,026 | 60 | 1,033 | 65 | 993 |
Mixed | 51 | 22,868 | 48 | 11,535 | 53 | 11,333 |
Mixed White/Asian | 55 | 5,089 | 53 | 2,542 | 57 | 2,547 |
Mixed White/Black African | 50 | 2,687 | 48 | 1,354 | 53 | 1,333 |
Mixed White/Black Caribbean | 46 | 7,160 | 43 | 3,614 | 49 | 3,546 |
Mixed other | 52 | 7,932 | 50 | 4,025 | 54 | 3,907 |
White | 50 | 422,763 | 48 | 215,354 | 52 | 207,409 |
White British | 50 | 395,316 | 48 | 201,407 | 52 | 193,909 |
White Irish | 55 | 1,774 | 52 | 883 | 57 | 891 |
White Irish Traveller | 29 | 122 | 27 | 67 | 32 | 55 |
White Gypsy/Roma | 20 | 1,107 | 19 | 534 | 22 | 573 |
White other | 50 | 24,444 | 47 | 12,463 | 52 | 11,981 |
Other | 50 | 8,119 | 48 | 4,242 | 53 | 3,877 |
Unknown | 44 | 5,771 | 41 | 2,972 | 47 | 2,799 |
Download table data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and gender’ (CSV) Source data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and gender’ (CSV)
Summary of GCSE results (‘Attainment 8’) for children aged 14 to 16 (key stage 4) GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and gender Summary
This data shows that:
-
on average, Attainment 8 scores were higher for girls than boys across all ethnic groups
-
girls achieved an average score of 52, compared with boys who achieved an average score of 48
-
Chinese girls achieved the highest average score, at 65
-
Boys from a Gypsy/Roma background had the lowest average score, at 19
-
the smallest difference in scores between girls and boys was found among pupils from a Gypsy/Roma background, where girls scored an average of 3 points more than boys
-
the largest difference in scores between girls and boys was found among pupils from the Other Black background, where boys scored an average of 43 compared with 51 for girls
6. GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, gender and eligibility for free school meals (FSM)
Non-FSM Boys | Non-FSM Girls | FSM Boys | FSM Girls | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ethnicity | Non-FSM Boys Score | Non-FSM Boys Pupils | Non-FSM Girls Score | Non-FSM Girls Pupils | FSM Boys Score | FSM Boys Pupils | FSM Girls Score | FSM Girls Pupils |
All | 49 | 238,526 | 54 | 229,635 | 37 | 37,080 | 42 | 35,448 |
Asian | 52 | 21,835 | 56 | 20,365 | 45 | 4,724 | 49 | 4,294 |
Bangladeshi | 51 | 2,972 | 55 | 2,886 | 48 | 1,267 | 51 | 1,194 |
Indian | 56 | 6,782 | 59 | 6,222 | 47 | 539 | 52 | 503 |
Pakistani | 48 | 8,163 | 52 | 7,735 | 42 | 2,396 | 46 | 2,140 |
Asian other | 53 | 3,918 | 59 | 3,522 | 47 | 522 | 50 | 457 |
Black | 47 | 10,594 | 53 | 10,786 | 41 | 3,317 | 47 | 3,227 |
Black African | 49 | 6,594 | 54 | 6,669 | 43 | 2,075 | 49 | 2,011 |
Black Caribbean | 44 | 2,710 | 50 | 2,817 | 36 | 838 | 44 | 851 |
Black other | 45 | 1,290 | 52 | 1,300 | 39 | 404 | 46 | 365 |
Chinese | 60 | 966 | 65 | 930 | 56 | 67 | 62 | 63 |
Mixed | 50 | 9,414 | 55 | 9,214 | 39 | 2,121 | 44 | 2,119 |
Mixed White/Asian | 55 | 2,180 | 58 | 2,177 | 41 | 362 | 46 | 370 |
Mixed White/Black African | 49 | 1,079 | 54 | 1,079 | 41 | 275 | 47 | 254 |
Mixed White/Black Caribbean | 46 | 2,798 | 52 | 2,742 | 36 | 816 | 42 | 804 |
Mixed other | 51 | 3,357 | 56 | 3,216 | 40 | 668 | 44 | 691 |
White | 49 | 190,070 | 54 | 183,098 | 34 | 25,284 | 39 | 24,311 |
White British | 49 | 177,753 | 54 | 171,125 | 34 | 23,654 | 39 | 22,784 |
White Irish | 54 | 768 | 59 | 793 | 38 | 115 | 41 | 98 |
White Irish Traveller | 31 | 26 | 38 | 23 | 25 | 41 | 27 | 32 |
White Gypsy/Roma | 19 | 377 | 22 | 400 | 19 | 157 | 22 | 173 |
White other | 48 | 11,146 | 53 | 10,757 | 41 | 1,317 | 45 | 1,224 |
Other | 49 | 3,182 | 54 | 2,913 | 44 | 1,060 | 48 | 964 |
Unknown | 43 | 2,465 | 49 | 2,329 | 34 | 507 | 40 | 470 |
Download table data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, gender and eligibility for free school meals (FSM)’ (CSV) Source data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, gender and eligibility for free school meals (FSM)’ (CSV)
Summary of GCSE results (‘Attainment 8’) for children aged 14 to 16 (key stage 4) GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, gender and eligibility for free school meals (FSM) Summary
Eligibility for free school meals (FSM) is used as an indicator of deprivation by the Department for Education. For more about who qualifies for FSM, see the Methodology section.
This data shows that:
-
overall, girls eligible for FSM scored an average of 5 points more for Attainment 8 than boys eligible for FSM
-
White British FSM-eligible boys scored an average of 34 compared with White British non-eligible boys who scored 49; for White British girls the gap was 15 points, at 39 and 54 respectively
-
within the broad ethnic categories, FSM-eligible Chinese girls had the highest average Attainment 8 score and FSM-eligible White boys the lowest
-
Gypsy/Roma boys who were eligible for FSM had the lowest average score
-
Chinese girls who were not eligible for FSM had the highest average score
-
Black Caribbean pupils eligible for FSM showed the biggest difference in average score between girls and boys, with girls scoring an average of 8 points more
-
pupils from a Traveller of Irish Heritage background also showed very little difference in average score between girls and boys who were eligible for FSM, but this finding was based on very small numbers (41 boys and 32 girls), making it hard to draw any firm conclusions
-
apart from Travellers of Irish Heritage, the smallest difference in average score between girls and boys was found among Bangladeshi, Asian other, White Irish and Gypsy/Roma pupils eligible for FSM, with girls scoring 3 points more
7. GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, gender and area
All | Asian | Black | Chinese | Mixed | White | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Local authority | All All | All Boys | All Girls | Asian All | Asian Boys | Asian Girls | Black All | Black Boys | Black Girls | Chinese All | Chinese Boys | Chinese Girls | Mixed All | Mixed Boys | Mixed Girls | White All | White Boys | White Girls |
County Durham | 49 | 47 | 52 | 59 | 61 | 56 | 43 | 46 | 39 | 58 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 52 | 44 | 57 | 49 | 47 | 52 |
Darlington | 48 | 46 | 51 | 47 | 48 | 46 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | N/A* | 62 | N/A* | 62 | 51 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 48 | 47 | 50 |
Gateshead | 50 | 48 | 52 | 60 | 56 | 65 | 56 | 53 | 59 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 61 | 59 | 62 | 50 | 48 | 51 |
Hartlepool | 47 | 45 | 50 | 54 | 49 | 58 | 55 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | N/A* | 52 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 47 | 45 | 50 |
Middlesbrough | 46 | 44 | 48 | 52 | 51 | 54 | 52 | 50 | 55 | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | 51 | 48 | 53 | 46 | 44 | 47 |
Newcastle upon Tyne | 49 | 47 | 50 | 52 | 52 | 53 | 50 | 48 | 52 | 55 | 53 | 58 | 54 | 52 | 55 | 48 | 47 | 49 |
North Tyneside | 51 | 49 | 53 | 51 | 43 | 55 | 53 | 52 | 55 | 67 | 62 | 72 | 54 | 58 | 51 | 51 | 49 | 53 |
Northumberland | 48 | 46 | 50 | 56 | 57 | 55 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 69 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 53 | 57 | 52 | 48 | 46 | 50 |
Redcar and Cleveland | 48 | 46 | 50 | 49 | 43 | 56 | 54 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | N/A* | withheld to protect confidentiality | 53 | 50 | 55 | 48 | 46 | 50 |
South Tyneside | 49 | 46 | 52 | 52 | 44 | 58 | 38 | 18 | 50 | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | 46 | 50 | 41 | 49 | 47 | 51 |
Stockton-on-Tees | 50 | 48 | 53 | 52 | 49 | 56 | withheld to protect confidentiality | 57 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 51 | 49 | 54 | 50 | 48 | 52 |
Sunderland | 48 | 46 | 50 | 55 | 56 | 55 | 51 | 40 | 56 | 65 | N/A* | 65 | 48 | 42 | 54 | 48 | 46 | 50 |
Blackburn with Darwen | 50 | 48 | 53 | 52 | 49 | 55 | 46 | 41 | 59 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | N/A* | 51 | 45 | 56 | 49 | 47 | 51 |
Blackpool | 44 | 43 | 45 | 53 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 43 | 52 | 35 | 60 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 46 | 41 | 51 | 44 | 43 | 45 |
Bolton | 49 | 46 | 52 | 54 | 51 | 57 | 43 | 42 | 45 | 57 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 48 | 43 | 54 | 48 | 45 | 51 |
Bury | 51 | 49 | 53 | 52 | 50 | 53 | 48 | 41 | 57 | 50 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 51 | 46 | 55 | 51 | 49 | 53 |
Cheshire East | 52 | 50 | 54 | 51 | 51 | 52 | 48 | 48 | 49 | 60 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 51 | 47 | 54 | 52 | 50 | 54 |
Cheshire West and Chester | 51 | 49 | 54 | 57 | 55 | 59 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 59 | 49 | 65 | 51 | 46 | 57 | 51 | 49 | 54 |
Cumbria | 49 | 46 | 52 | 54 | 54 | 53 | 48 | 43 | 56 | 65 | 67 | 64 | 56 | 55 | 57 | 49 | 46 | 52 |
Halton | 49 | 48 | 51 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | N/A* | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | 55 | 58 | 51 | 49 | 47 | 51 |
Knowsley | 39 | 37 | 41 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | N/A* | withheld to protect confidentiality | 48 | 52 | 44 | 39 | 36 | 41 |
Lancashire | 50 | 47 | 52 | 50 | 46 | 53 | 52 | 49 | 55 | 63 | 61 | 66 | 51 | 47 | 54 | 50 | 47 | 52 |
Liverpool | 47 | 46 | 49 | 55 | 55 | 55 | 47 | 44 | 50 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 45 | 42 | 48 | 47 | 46 | 49 |
Manchester | 47 | 45 | 50 | 51 | 49 | 54 | 49 | 47 | 52 | 60 | 57 | 63 | 45 | 43 | 47 | 45 | 42 | 48 |
Oldham | 46 | 43 | 49 | 46 | 44 | 48 | 44 | 47 | 39 | 65 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 44 | 44 | 44 | 46 | 43 | 50 |
Rochdale | 48 | 46 | 50 | 49 | 46 | 51 | 52 | 49 | 54 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | N/A* | 52 | 52 | 53 | 48 | 46 | 50 |
Salford | 47 | 45 | 49 | 55 | 53 | 58 | 52 | 49 | 54 | 58 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 50 | 49 | 51 | 46 | 44 | 48 |
Sefton | 49 | 47 | 52 | 52 | 47 | 60 | 46 | 45 | 47 | 59 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 47 | 53 |
St Helens | 49 | 47 | 51 | 56 | 66 | 51 | 54 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 71 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 57 | 53 | 60 | 49 | 47 | 51 |
Stockport | 52 | 50 | 54 | 53 | 50 | 57 | 50 | 48 | 56 | 52 | 43 | 57 | 53 | 49 | 58 | 52 | 50 | 53 |
Tameside | 49 | 48 | 51 | 52 | 49 | 56 | 48 | 50 | 45 | 57 | 53 | 61 | 52 | 48 | 56 | 49 | 47 | 50 |
Trafford | 57 | 55 | 59 | 59 | 57 | 63 | 54 | 52 | 56 | 68 | 62 | 74 | 57 | 55 | 59 | 56 | 54 | 58 |
Warrington | 50 | 48 | 52 | 56 | 56 | 55 | 42 | 45 | 41 | 64 | 63 | 64 | 46 | 44 | 49 | 50 | 48 | 52 |
Wigan | 51 | 48 | 53 | 53 | 56 | 49 | 53 | 45 | 59 | 65 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 51 | 46 | 55 | 51 | 48 | 53 |
Wirral | 52 | 50 | 54 | 59 | 58 | 59 | 57 | 54 | 62 | 63 | 70 | 60 | 53 | 50 | 56 | 52 | 50 | 54 |
Barnsley | 47 | 45 | 50 | 44 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 45 | 39 | 51 | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | 51 | 50 | 53 | 47 | 45 | 50 |
Bradford | 46 | 43 | 49 | 46 | 43 | 49 | 45 | 37 | 53 | withheld to protect confidentiality | N/A* | withheld to protect confidentiality | 44 | 41 | 47 | 46 | 43 | 48 |
Calderdale | 52 | 50 | 53 | 49 | 48 | 49 | 53 | 50 | 59 | 60 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 49 | 45 | 52 | 52 | 50 | 54 |
Doncaster | 47 | 45 | 49 | 49 | 48 | 49 | 42 | 41 | 43 | 62 | 57 | 65 | 48 | 44 | 52 | 47 | 44 | 49 |
East Riding of Yorkshire | 52 | 50 | 54 | 49 | 42 | 59 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 63 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 52 | 48 | 59 | 52 | 50 | 54 |
Kingston upon Hull, City of | 48 | 47 | 48 | 56 | 60 | 52 | 46 | 43 | 48 | withheld to protect confidentiality | N/A* | withheld to protect confidentiality | 53 | 49 | 59 | 48 | 48 | 49 |
Kirklees | 49 | 46 | 52 | 50 | 47 | 52 | 46 | 41 | 50 | 63 | 63 | 62 | 45 | 42 | 47 | 49 | 46 | 52 |
Leeds | 48 | 46 | 51 | 48 | 45 | 51 | 46 | 43 | 49 | 61 | 59 | 62 | 48 | 46 | 50 | 49 | 46 | 51 |
North East Lincolnshire | 48 | 46 | 50 | 60 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | N/A* | withheld to protect confidentiality | 49 | 47 | 53 | 48 | 46 | 49 |
North Lincolnshire | 49 | 48 | 50 | 54 | 51 | 57 | 51 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 72 | 72 | N/A* | 52 | 48 | 55 | 49 | 47 | 50 |
North Yorkshire | 52 | 50 | 54 | 57 | 56 | 59 | 48 | 38 | 61 | 67 | 65 | 69 | 55 | 54 | 55 | 52 | 49 | 54 |
Rotherham | 49 | 46 | 51 | 48 | 45 | 52 | 51 | 50 | 53 | 67 | 67 | 68 | 50 | 48 | 52 | 49 | 46 | 51 |
Sheffield | 48 | 46 | 51 | 47 | 45 | 50 | 47 | 45 | 51 | 66 | 63 | 68 | 46 | 43 | 49 | 49 | 47 | 51 |
Wakefield | 49 | 46 | 51 | 49 | 44 | 54 | 46 | 42 | 53 | 52 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 51 | 47 | 54 | 49 | 46 | 51 |
York | 53 | 51 | 55 | 70 | 63 | 72 | 54 | 44 | 59 | 62 | 67 | 58 | 59 | 53 | 65 | 53 | 51 | 55 |
Derby | 46 | 44 | 49 | 48 | 46 | 51 | 44 | 39 | 47 | 64 | 57 | 72 | 46 | 43 | 48 | 46 | 44 | 48 |
Derbyshire | 49 | 47 | 51 | 49 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 54 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 52 | 50 | 58 | 49 | 48 | 50 | 49 | 47 | 51 |
Leicester | 46 | 44 | 49 | 51 | 48 | 54 | 46 | 43 | 49 | 62 | N/A* | 62 | 44 | 42 | 46 | 40 | 38 | 43 |
Leicestershire | 50 | 47 | 52 | 57 | 55 | 59 | 50 | 48 | 53 | 56 | 50 | 63 | 51 | 48 | 55 | 49 | 47 | 51 |
Lincolnshire | 50 | 48 | 52 | 65 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 51 | 48 | 54 | 65 | 61 | 69 | 55 | 52 | 58 | 50 | 47 | 52 |
Northamptonshire | 48 | 46 | 50 | 53 | 52 | 55 | 48 | 45 | 51 | 63 | 64 | 61 | 48 | 45 | 51 | 48 | 45 | 50 |
Nottingham | 45 | 42 | 48 | 51 | 49 | 53 | 47 | 42 | 51 | 63 | 65 | 62 | 45 | 43 | 46 | 43 | 40 | 45 |
Nottinghamshire | 51 | 49 | 53 | 55 | 53 | 57 | 52 | 51 | 53 | 64 | 61 | 67 | 51 | 47 | 56 | 51 | 48 | 53 |
Rutland | 55 | 53 | 58 | 48 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 52 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | 50 | 40 | 57 | 55 | 53 | 58 |
Birmingham | 49 | 47 | 52 | 50 | 48 | 51 | 48 | 43 | 52 | 66 | 59 | 71 | 50 | 49 | 52 | 49 | 46 | 52 |
Coventry | 48 | 45 | 51 | 53 | 50 | 57 | 48 | 46 | 50 | 59 | 45 | 66 | 45 | 41 | 50 | 47 | 44 | 49 |
Dudley | 48 | 46 | 50 | 49 | 45 | 54 | 46 | 44 | 49 | 59 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 46 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 46 | 50 |
Herefordshire, County of | 49 | 46 | 53 | 52 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 47 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 59 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 58 | 54 | 66 | 49 | 46 | 53 |
Sandwell | 45 | 43 | 48 | 50 | 48 | 53 | 45 | 42 | 48 | 64 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 43 | 40 | 46 | 43 | 41 | 45 |
Shropshire | 51 | 49 | 53 | 53 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 52 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 52 | 56 | 49 | 52 | 50 | 54 | 51 | 49 | 53 |
Solihull | 51 | 49 | 54 | 54 | 52 | 57 | 50 | 45 | 54 | 55 | 52 | 61 | 48 | 48 | 49 | 52 | 49 | 54 |
Staffordshire | 49 | 47 | 51 | 50 | 48 | 52 | 49 | 47 | 50 | 61 | 60 | 62 | 49 | 45 | 52 | 49 | 47 | 51 |
Stoke-on-Trent | 47 | 45 | 49 | 50 | 49 | 51 | 47 | 46 | 48 | 62 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 46 | 44 | 49 | 47 | 45 | 49 |
Telford and Wrekin | 50 | 47 | 52 | 49 | 48 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 50 | 60 | 59 | 63 | 50 | 50 | 49 | 49 | 47 | 52 |
Walsall | 48 | 46 | 50 | 52 | 51 | 53 | 48 | 45 | 53 | 64 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 48 | 46 | 51 | 47 | 45 | 49 |
Warwickshire | 52 | 50 | 54 | 57 | 55 | 59 | 48 | 42 | 52 | 60 | 51 | 74 | 54 | 54 | 55 | 52 | 50 | 54 |
Wolverhampton | 48 | 44 | 51 | 54 | 51 | 57 | 46 | 41 | 52 | 56 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 45 | 40 | 49 | 46 | 42 | 50 |
Worcestershire | 51 | 48 | 53 | 50 | 44 | 57 | 44 | 43 | 44 | 60 | 56 | 65 | 50 | 46 | 54 | 51 | 49 | 53 |
Bedford | 49 | 47 | 52 | 51 | 49 | 52 | 47 | 45 | 50 | 68 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 46 | 43 | 50 | 50 | 48 | 52 |
Cambridgeshire | 52 | 49 | 54 | 56 | 55 | 57 | 48 | 44 | 54 | 63 | 60 | 66 | 55 | 52 | 58 | 51 | 49 | 54 |
Central Bedfordshire | 49 | 47 | 52 | 50 | 48 | 53 | 48 | 45 | 51 | 60 | 46 | 70 | 49 | 46 | 53 | 49 | 47 | 52 |
Essex | 50 | 48 | 53 | 62 | 60 | 65 | 54 | 52 | 55 | 59 | 57 | 62 | 52 | 49 | 54 | 50 | 48 | 52 |
Hertfordshire | 53 | 51 | 56 | 57 | 55 | 60 | 53 | 49 | 56 | 65 | 68 | 62 | 53 | 50 | 56 | 53 | 50 | 55 |
Luton | 48 | 46 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 47 | 51 | 56 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 46 | 43 | 49 | 46 | 45 | 47 |
Norfolk | 49 | 47 | 51 | 59 | 57 | 61 | 51 | 47 | 58 | 61 | 63 | 59 | 49 | 48 | 50 | 49 | 47 | 51 |
Peterborough | 47 | 45 | 49 | 48 | 46 | 49 | 52 | 47 | 57 | 65 | 71 | 61 | 49 | 44 | 54 | 46 | 44 | 49 |
Southend-on-Sea | 54 | 52 | 55 | 62 | 62 | 63 | 59 | 59 | 60 | 66 | 64 | 68 | 52 | 50 | 55 | 52 | 51 | 54 |
Suffolk | 49 | 47 | 51 | 53 | 54 | 53 | 46 | 39 | 52 | 55 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 49 | 48 | 51 | 49 | 47 | 51 |
Thurrock | 48 | 46 | 51 | 53 | 48 | 57 | 53 | 52 | 54 | 61 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 52 | 50 | 54 | 47 | 44 | 50 |
Camden | 51 | 46 | 54 | 50 | 47 | 54 | 48 | 44 | 50 | 66 | 68 | 66 | 48 | 42 | 53 | 52 | 47 | 56 |
City of London | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* |
Hackney | 53 | 50 | 55 | 54 | 54 | 55 | 50 | 46 | 52 | 68 | 64 | 73 | 53 | 50 | 54 | 55 | 50 | 58 |
Hammersmith and Fulham | 54 | 51 | 57 | 55 | 52 | 58 | 48 | 46 | 51 | 66 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 53 | 47 | 59 | 57 | 56 | 58 |
Haringey | 50 | 48 | 53 | 52 | 50 | 54 | 46 | 42 | 49 | 55 | 50 | 61 | 52 | 49 | 55 | 52 | 50 | 54 |
Islington | 51 | 50 | 52 | 55 | 54 | 55 | 49 | 49 | 50 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 49 | 49 | 50 | 50 | 48 | 52 |
Kensington and Chelsea | 57 | 56 | 57 | 59 | 58 | 59 | 52 | 50 | 55 | withheld to protect confidentiality | N/A* | withheld to protect confidentiality | 56 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 58 | 58 |
Lambeth | 50 | 47 | 52 | 55 | 52 | 58 | 48 | 44 | 52 | 64 | 63 | 64 | 49 | 47 | 51 | 53 | 52 | 54 |
Lewisham | 48 | 44 | 51 | 53 | 49 | 56 | 46 | 42 | 50 | 61 | 64 | 59 | 50 | 48 | 52 | 47 | 45 | 50 |
Newham | 51 | 49 | 53 | 54 | 52 | 56 | 49 | 47 | 52 | 60 | 56 | 64 | 48 | 46 | 51 | 46 | 44 | 47 |
Southwark | 53 | 51 | 55 | 56 | 53 | 58 | 52 | 50 | 55 | 64 | 62 | 67 | 53 | 51 | 55 | 53 | 52 | 53 |
Tower Hamlets | 50 | 49 | 52 | 52 | 51 | 54 | 49 | 48 | 51 | 68 | 65 | 71 | 47 | 46 | 49 | 46 | 45 | 47 |
Wandsworth | 52 | 51 | 54 | 55 | 57 | 53 | 48 | 46 | 51 | 67 | 70 | 65 | 52 | 49 | 56 | 53 | 51 | 55 |
Westminster | 55 | 51 | 58 | 55 | 53 | 56 | 51 | 47 | 56 | 66 | 61 | 72 | 55 | 50 | 59 | 58 | 53 | 62 |
Barking and Dagenham | 50 | 48 | 52 | 55 | 54 | 58 | 51 | 48 | 54 | 55 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 47 | 45 | 48 | 47 | 45 | 49 |
Barnet | 56 | 55 | 58 | 63 | 64 | 62 | 51 | 48 | 53 | 68 | 65 | 71 | 58 | 55 | 59 | 55 | 53 | 58 |
Bexley | 52 | 50 | 55 | 60 | 57 | 63 | 57 | 53 | 60 | 63 | 63 | 65 | 51 | 49 | 52 | 50 | 49 | 52 |
Brent | 52 | 49 | 54 | 54 | 53 | 56 | 46 | 43 | 49 | 62 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 49 | 47 | 52 | 49 | 47 | 52 |
Bromley | 54 | 52 | 55 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 52 | 51 | 53 | 66 | 62 | 71 | 56 | 55 | 56 | 54 | 52 | 56 |
Croydon | 49 | 45 | 52 | 55 | 54 | 56 | 48 | 45 | 52 | 65 | 62 | 66 | 49 | 46 | 51 | 50 | 46 | 54 |
Ealing | 51 | 49 | 54 | 52 | 50 | 54 | 47 | 44 | 49 | 64 | N/A* | 64 | 52 | 48 | 56 | 52 | 50 | 55 |
Enfield | 50 | 48 | 53 | 59 | 58 | 61 | 48 | 45 | 51 | 67 | 60 | 72 | 51 | 48 | 55 | 50 | 48 | 52 |
Greenwich | 50 | 48 | 52 | 56 | 56 | 57 | 51 | 50 | 53 | 61 | 58 | 64 | 50 | 47 | 52 | 47 | 45 | 50 |
Harrow | 53 | 51 | 56 | 56 | 54 | 58 | 49 | 47 | 52 | 63 | 47 | 76 | 52 | 48 | 55 | 52 | 50 | 55 |
Havering | 50 | 48 | 52 | 55 | 53 | 57 | 51 | 48 | 55 | 62 | 60 | 64 | 51 | 49 | 53 | 50 | 48 | 51 |
Hillingdon | 51 | 49 | 53 | 56 | 54 | 58 | 48 | 46 | 51 | 62 | 57 | 66 | 52 | 49 | 55 | 48 | 47 | 50 |
Hounslow | 51 | 49 | 54 | 57 | 55 | 59 | 50 | 48 | 53 | 52 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 56 | 55 | 57 | 53 | 51 | 54 |
Kingston upon Thames | 58 | 57 | 60 | 63 | 62 | 64 | 52 | 48 | 58 | 71 | 73 | 69 | 61 | 58 | 63 | 56 | 54 | 57 |
Merton | 52 | 50 | 55 | 55 | 54 | 55 | 50 | 46 | 54 | 64 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 54 | 52 | 55 | 52 | 50 | 55 |
Redbridge | 54 | 52 | 57 | 57 | 54 | 59 | 50 | 45 | 53 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 52 | 47 | 56 | 52 | 50 | 54 |
Richmond upon Thames | 55 | 52 | 57 | 56 | 54 | 58 | 45 | 42 | 49 | 61 | 64 | 56 | 52 | 50 | 55 | 55 | 53 | 58 |
Sutton | 59 | 57 | 60 | 68 | 68 | 69 | 59 | 59 | 59 | 74 | 73 | 74 | 60 | 57 | 62 | 55 | 53 | 57 |
Waltham Forest | 50 | 48 | 53 | 53 | 51 | 56 | 47 | 43 | 50 | 53 | 47 | 57 | 50 | 49 | 51 | 51 | 49 | 53 |
Bracknell Forest | 51 | 49 | 53 | 58 | 57 | 59 | 50 | 42 | 57 | 64 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 54 | 54 | 55 | 51 | 49 | 53 |
Brighton and Hove | 50 | 49 | 52 | 50 | 48 | 53 | 46 | 47 | 45 | 71 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 52 | 50 | 54 | 50 | 48 | 52 |
Buckinghamshire | 55 | 54 | 57 | 55 | 52 | 58 | 49 | 47 | 52 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 54 | 52 | 56 | 56 | 54 | 58 |
East Sussex | 49 | 47 | 52 | 54 | 52 | 58 | 50 | 44 | 54 | 65 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 50 | 47 | 53 | 49 | 47 | 52 |
Hampshire | 51 | 49 | 53 | 55 | 53 | 57 | 48 | 46 | 51 | 64 | 62 | 67 | 52 | 48 | 56 | 51 | 49 | 53 |
Isle of Wight | 44 | 40 | 47 | 43 | 29 | 57 | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | 38 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 48 | 44 | 56 | 44 | 40 | 47 |
Kent | 50 | 48 | 53 | 61 | 59 | 63 | 56 | 53 | 60 | 66 | 67 | 66 | 55 | 53 | 57 | 50 | 47 | 52 |
Medway | 50 | 48 | 52 | 59 | 59 | 59 | 52 | 45 | 56 | 67 | 65 | 70 | 51 | 45 | 55 | 49 | 47 | 51 |
Milton Keynes | 49 | 47 | 51 | 53 | 51 | 56 | 49 | 47 | 51 | 55 | 50 | 67 | 50 | 49 | 51 | 48 | 46 | 51 |
Oxfordshire | 50 | 48 | 53 | 49 | 47 | 53 | 47 | 44 | 52 | 62 | 57 | 68 | 48 | 46 | 51 | 51 | 48 | 53 |
Portsmouth | 46 | 44 | 49 | 54 | 50 | 57 | 49 | 48 | 51 | 64 | 58 | 71 | 52 | 50 | 54 | 46 | 43 | 48 |
Reading | 51 | 51 | 53 | 59 | 57 | 60 | 46 | 44 | 48 | 78 | 79 | 77 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 50 | 49 | 50 |
Slough | 55 | 53 | 57 | 58 | 56 | 59 | 50 | 47 | 52 | 73 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 55 | 53 | 56 | 51 | 48 | 55 |
Southampton | 48 | 45 | 50 | 56 | 54 | 58 | 50 | 49 | 51 | 61 | 66 | 58 | 46 | 43 | 48 | 46 | 44 | 49 |
Surrey | 53 | 51 | 55 | 56 | 55 | 58 | 50 | 49 | 52 | 61 | 58 | 66 | 55 | 52 | 58 | 53 | 50 | 55 |
West Berkshire | 51 | 49 | 54 | 57 | 55 | 60 | 45 | 43 | 46 | 62 | 66 | 57 | 52 | 47 | 55 | 52 | 50 | 55 |
West Sussex | 51 | 49 | 53 | 55 | 53 | 57 | 42 | 40 | 44 | 58 | 51 | 62 | 51 | 49 | 53 | 51 | 49 | 53 |
Windsor and Maidenhead | 53 | 51 | 55 | 51 | 47 | 54 | 50 | 47 | 54 | 64 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 56 | 58 | 55 | 53 | 52 | 55 |
Wokingham | 54 | 51 | 57 | 53 | 50 | 57 | 50 | 45 | 54 | 67 | 66 | 67 | 49 | 46 | 53 | 54 | 51 | 57 |
Bath and North East Somerset | 52 | 51 | 53 | 52 | 51 | 53 | 46 | 50 | 42 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 69 | 48 | 45 | 51 | 52 | 51 | 53 |
Bournemouth | 51 | 49 | 53 | 65 | 63 | 68 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 63 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 54 | 52 | 55 | 50 | 48 | 53 |
Bristol, City of | 48 | 45 | 50 | 50 | 47 | 54 | 42 | 39 | 45 | 57 | 55 | 61 | 48 | 45 | 51 | 48 | 46 | 51 |
Cornwall | 50 | 48 | 52 | 54 | 56 | 53 | 46 | 50 | 38 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 53 | 55 | 51 | 50 | 48 | 52 |
Devon | 51 | 49 | 53 | 57 | 52 | 63 | 54 | 50 | 58 | 63 | 61 | 65 | 53 | 51 | 55 | 50 | 49 | 52 |
Dorset | 50 | 48 | 52 | 49 | 45 | 54 | 44 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 65 | 64 | 66 | 50 | 50 | 51 | 50 | 48 | 52 |
Gloucestershire | 52 | 50 | 54 | 61 | 60 | 64 | 45 | 42 | 48 | 62 | 59 | 63 | 51 | 48 | 53 | 52 | 50 | 54 |
Isles of Scilly | 50 | 54 | 46 | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | 49 | 53 | 45 |
North Somerset | 50 | 48 | 52 | 54 | 54 | 55 | 42 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 58 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 55 | 51 | 60 | 50 | 47 | 52 |
Plymouth | 48 | 46 | 51 | 61 | 57 | 65 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 60 | 58 | 64 | 53 | 48 | 56 | 48 | 46 | 51 |
Poole | 53 | 50 | 55 | 59 | 56 | 64 | 48 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 68 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 55 | 54 | 57 | 52 | 50 | 55 |
Somerset | 50 | 48 | 53 | 55 | 49 | 60 | 44 | 41 | 50 | 61 | 59 | 61 | 53 | 50 | 55 | 50 | 48 | 53 |
South Gloucestershire | 48 | 47 | 49 | 52 | 49 | 57 | 44 | 43 | 45 | 66 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 48 | 46 | 50 | 48 | 47 | 49 |
Swindon | 48 | 46 | 50 | 51 | 50 | 51 | 50 | 46 | 54 | 57 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 51 | 51 | 52 | 48 | 45 | 50 |
Torbay | 51 | 50 | 51 | 59 | 63 | 57 | 47 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 69 | 72 | 66 | 58 | 62 | 54 | 52 | 51 | 53 |
Wiltshire | 51 | 49 | 53 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 49 | 47 | 53 | 69 | 66 | 71 | 54 | 53 | 56 | 51 | 49 | 53 |
All - England | 50 | 48 | 52 | 53 | 51 | 55 | 49 | 46 | 52 | 63 | 61 | 65 | 51 | 48 | 53 | 50 | 48 | 52 |
Download table data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, gender and area’ (CSV) Source data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, gender and area’ (CSV)
Summary of GCSE results (‘Attainment 8’) for children aged 14 to 16 (key stage 4) GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, gender and area Summary
This data shows that:
-
overall, girls had a higher average Attainment 8 score than boys for every local authority apart from the Isles of Scilly, although boys outperformed girls in some local authorities within some ethnic groups
-
the biggest gaps in Attainment 8 scores between girls and boys were found for White pupils in Camden and Westminster (girls scored an average of 9 points more), for Mixed pupils in Rutland (girls scored 57 compared with 40 for boys), for Asian pupils on the Isle of Wight (girls scored 57 compared with 29 for boys), for Black pupils in South Tyneside (girls scored an average of 32 points more), and for Chinese pupils in Harrow (girls scored an average of 29 points more)
-
please be aware that except for the information for White and Mixed pupils, the statistics quoted here for Attainment 8 achievement by local authority are based on small numbers of pupils and are highly variable over time
8. GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, basis for school admission and gender
All | Asian | Black | Chinese | Mixed | White | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Admissions basis | All All | All Boys | All Girls | Asian All | Asian Boys | Asian Girls | Black All | Black Boys | Black Girls | Chinese All | Chinese Boys | Chinese Girls | Mixed All | Mixed Boys | Mixed Girls | White All | White Boys | White Girls |
All state-funded mainstream schools | 51 | 49 | 53 | 53 | 51 | 55 | 50 | 47 | 52 | 63 | 61 | 65 | 51 | 49 | 53 | 51 | 49 | 53 |
Non-selective schools in highly selective areas | 47 | 45 | 49 | 50 | 47 | 53 | 50 | 46 | 53 | 57 | 56 | 58 | 48 | 46 | 50 | 47 | 45 | 48 |
Non-selective schools in other areas (inc. low selective areas) | 50 | 48 | 52 | 52 | 50 | 54 | 49 | 46 | 52 | 61 | 58 | 63 | 51 | 48 | 53 | 50 | 48 | 52 |
Selective schools | 69 | 68 | 70 | 71 | 71 | 72 | 69 | 69 | 70 | 73 | 72 | 74 | 70 | 69 | 71 | 68 | 68 | 69 |
Download table data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, basis for school admission and gender’ (CSV) Source data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, basis for school admission and gender’ (CSV)
Summary of GCSE results (‘Attainment 8’) for children aged 14 to 16 (key stage 4) GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, basis for school admission and gender Summary
This data groups schools by admissions type into the following 3 categories, according to whether they select their pupils by ability:
- selective schools
- non-selective schools in highly selective areas (where 25% or more of state-funded secondary places are in state-funded selective schools)
- all other non-selective schools (including schools in local authorities with some selection, as well as those with no selection)
This data shows that:
-
in 2015/16, 22,512 pupils in key stage 4 (years 10 and 11, when pupils are aged between 14 and 16) were in selective schools, 34,658 in non-selective schools in highly selective areas, and 472,525 in non-selective schools in other areas
-
girls performed better than boys across all types of school and all ethnic groups
-
Chinese girls in selective schools had the highest average score for Attainment 8 (74) and White boys in non-selective schools in highly selective areas had the lowest (45)
-
overall, the biggest difference in scores between boys and girls was found among Black pupils in non-selective schools in highly selective areas
-
for White pupils, the biggest gap between girls and boys was found in non-selective schools in non-selective areas and in all state-funded mainstream schools, where girls scored an average of 4 points more than boys
9. GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and type of school
All | Asian | Black | Chinese | Mixed | White | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
School Type | All Score | All Pupils | Asian Score | Asian Pupils | Black Score | Black Pupils | Chinese Score | Chinese Pupils | Mixed Score | Mixed Pupils | White Score | White Pupils |
Academies and free schools | 51 | 337,452 | 54 | 28,983 | 50 | 15,874 | 64 | 1,416 | 52 | 14,288 | 51 | 268,711 |
All state-funded mainstream schools | 51 | 530,580 | 53 | 50,515 | 50 | 27,407 | 63 | 2,008 | 51 | 22,465 | 51 | 414,528 |
All state-funded schools | 50 | 540,689 | 53 | 51,218 | 49 | 27,924 | 62 | 2,026 | 51 | 22,868 | 50 | 422,763 |
Converter academies | 53 | 247,551 | 56 | 20,958 | 51 | 9,482 | 65 | 1,127 | 54 | 10,292 | 53 | 200,260 |
Free schools | 51 | 1,838 | 55 | 411 | 49 | 60 | 60 | 8 | 53 | 79 | 50 | 1,187 |
Further education colleges with provision for 14- to 16-year-olds | 18 | 885 | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* |
Local authority maintained mainstream schools | 50 | 191,701 | 52 | 21,499 | 49 | 11,496 | 61 | 591 | 50 | 8,130 | 50 | 145,402 |
Sponsored academies | 46 | 85,080 | 49 | 7,419 | 48 | 6,173 | 61 | 277 | 47 | 3,759 | 45 | 64,925 |
State-funded special schools | 4 | 10,109 | 2 | 703 | 2 | 517 | 2 | 18 | 5 | 403 | 4 | 8,235 |
Studio schools | 37 | 1,119 | 41 | 70 | 35 | 29 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 38 | 50 | 37 | 927 |
University technical colleges | 43 | 1,864 | 41 | 125 | 41 | 130 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 45 | 108 | 44 | 1,412 |
Download table data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and type of school’ (CSV) Source data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and type of school’ (CSV)
Summary of GCSE results (‘Attainment 8’) for children aged 14 to 16 (key stage 4) GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity and type of school Summary
This data shows that:
-
in 2015/16, 62% of pupils were educated in academies and free schools, 35% in local authority-maintained mainstream schools, 2% in state-funded special schools and 0.2% in further education colleges
-
looking across all state-funded mainstream schools (but excluding state-funded special schools), Chinese pupils had the highest average Attainment 8 score (63) and Black pupils the lowest (50)
-
Chinese pupils also had the highest average Attainment 8 scores and Black pupils the lowest within most types of state-funded mainstream school (local authority-maintained mainstream school, academy or free school)
-
sponsored academies were the exception – here, White pupils had the lowest average Attainment 8 score (45), and Black pupils scored more highly (48)
10. GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, special education needs (SEN) and gender
All | Asian | Black | Chinese | Mixed | White | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SEN | All All | All Boys | All Girls | Asian All | Asian Boys | Asian Girls | Black All | Black Boys | Black Girls | Chinese All | Chinese Boys | Chinese Girls | Mixed All | Mixed Boys | Mixed Girls | White All | White Boys | White Girls |
All SEN | 31 | 30 | 33 | 31 | 31 | 32 | 32 | 30 | 35 | 41 | 39 | 46 | 32 | 31 | 35 | 31 | 30 | 33 |
No identified SEN | 53 | 52 | 55 | 55 | 53 | 57 | 52 | 49 | 54 | 64 | 62 | 66 | 54 | 52 | 55 | 53 | 52 | 54 |
SEN Support | 36 | 36 | 37 | 37 | 36 | 38 | 37 | 36 | 39 | 49 | 46 | 53 | 37 | 35 | 39 | 36 | 35 | 37 |
SEN with a statement or EHC plan | 17 | 18 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 14 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 25 | 28 | 16 | 18 | 19 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 15 |
Download table data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, special education needs (SEN) and gender’ (CSV) Source data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, special education needs (SEN) and gender’ (CSV)
Summary of GCSE results (‘Attainment 8’) for children aged 14 to 16 (key stage 4) GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, special education needs (SEN) and gender Summary
Pupils with special education needs (SEN) have learning difficulties or disabilities that make it harder for them to learn than most students of the same age.
The data categorises pupils as follows (see table):
- all SEN: pupils either receiving SEN support, or with a SEN statement or an education, health and care (EHC) plan
- no identified SEN: pupils with no special needs
- SEN support: pupils who are given extra or different help from that provided as part of the school’s usual curriculum, and whose class teacher and SEN coordinator (SENCO) may receive advice or support from outside specialists
- SEN with a statement or EHC plan: pupils who are given a SEN statement or EHC plan once a formal assessment of their needs has been made
This data shows that:
-
in 2015/16, there were 78,682 pupils with special education needs (SEN) in key stage 4
-
of these, 80% were White, 4% were Mixed race, 7% were Asian, 6% were Black and 0.2% were Chinese
-
of the 78,682 SEN pupils in total, 74% had SEN support and 26% had an SEN statement or EHC plan
-
looking at all SEN pupils, Chinese pupils had the highest average Attainment 8 score (41) and White and Asian pupils had the lowest (31)
-
of all SEN pupils, the biggest difference between boys and girls in Attainment 8 achievement, at 7 points, was found among Chinese pupils, where girls scored an average of 46 points and boys an average of 39
11. GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, religion of school and gender
All | Asian | Black | Chinese | Mixed | White | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Religious character | All All | All Boys | All Girls | Asian All | Asian Boys | Asian Girls | Black All | Black Boys | Black Girls | Chinese All | Chinese Boys | Chinese Girls | Mixed All | Mixed Boys | Mixed Girls | White All | White Boys | White Girls |
All state-funded mainstream schools | 51 | 49 | 53 | 53 | 51 | 55 | 50 | 47 | 52 | 63 | 61 | 65 | 51 | 49 | 53 | 51 | 49 | 53 |
Church of England schools | 52 | 50 | 53 | 54 | 53 | 56 | 51 | 48 | 53 | 65 | 64 | 66 | 52 | 51 | 53 | 51 | 50 | 53 |
Jewish schools | 60 | 60 | 61 | 60 | 58 | 61 | 56 | 58 | 53 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | 61 | 58 | 63 | 60 | 59 | 60 |
Muslim schools | 59 | 58 | 59 | 59 | 58 | 60 | 55 | 56 | 54 | N/A* | N/A* | N/A* | 49 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | N/A* | withheld to protect confidentiality |
No religious character | 51 | 49 | 53 | 53 | 51 | 55 | 49 | 46 | 51 | 63 | 61 | 65 | 51 | 49 | 53 | 50 | 48 | 52 |
Other Christian faith schools | 51 | 50 | 52 | 60 | 59 | 61 | 50 | 47 | 53 | 64 | 60 | 69 | 54 | 54 | 53 | 50 | 48 | 51 |
Roman Catholic schools | 53 | 51 | 55 | 54 | 52 | 57 | 52 | 50 | 55 | 61 | 58 | 63 | 53 | 51 | 55 | 52 | 51 | 54 |
Sikh school | 58 | 57 | 59 | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality | withheld to protect confidentiality |
Download table data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, religion of school and gender’ (CSV) Source data for ‘GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, religion of school and gender’ (CSV)
Summary of GCSE results (‘Attainment 8’) for children aged 14 to 16 (key stage 4) GCSE-level exam results (‘Attainment 8’) by ethnicity, religion of school and gender Summary
This data divides schools into the following religious categories:
- no religious character
- Church of England schools
- Roman Catholic schools
- Other Christian faith schools (including those of mixed denomination or other Christian beliefs, for example, Greek Orthodox)
- Jewish schools
- Muslim schools
- Sikh schools
The data shows that:
-
530,580 pupils in key stage 4 attended state-funded mainstream schools in 2015/16
-
82% of pupils attended schools with no religious character, 10% attended Roman Catholic schools, 6% attended Church of England schools, 2% attended Other Christian faith schools, 0.2% attended Jewish schools, 0.1% attended Muslim schools, and 0.03% attended Sikh schools
-
looking at all ethnic groups, pupils at Jewish schools had the highest average Attainment 8 score (60) and those at schools with no religious character and Other Christian faith schools had the lowest (51)
-
Chinese girls at Other Christian faith schools had the highest average score (69) and Black boys at schools with no religious character had the lowest (46)
-
White pupils did best at Jewish schools (where they scored an average of 60) and worst at schools with no religious character and other Christian faith schools (where they scored an average of 50)
12. Methodology
The key stage 4 datasets are compiled using information matched together from 3 data sources:
- prior attainment records (key stage 2 results)
- school census records
- qualification entries and results collected from awarding bodies
The census data is provided for all pupils aged 5 and over on 31 August 2016. Any information that still needs to be collected is recorded as ‘not yet obtained’.
If a pupil or parent refused to give information, this is recorded as 'refused'.
These statistics include pupils whose ethnicity was not obtained, who refused to respond, or whose ethnicity could not be determined.
Key stage 4 data received from awarding bodies are combined with pupil characteristics from the school census and prior attainment. Records are matched, using identifiers such as surname, forename, date of birth, UPN, gender and postcode. This successfully matches around 98% of results.
The statistics in this commission cover the data collated for the 2016 secondary school performance tables. The performance tables and the related statistical first release report results based on pupils at the end of key stage 4, who are typically aged 15 at the start of the academic year.
The coverage of the local authority and regional statistics is state-funded mainstream schools in England. This includes city technology colleges and academies but excludes hospital schools, pupil referral units and alternative provision.
Pupils are included in the figures for free school meals (FSM) if their families have claimed eligibility for FSM at the time of the annual spring school census. This FSM definition includes all who were eligible to receive free school meals, not only those who actually received free school meals. Pupils not eligible for free school meals or unclassified pupils are described as ‘Non-FSM’ or ‘All other pupils’.
Parents are able to claim FSM if they receive a qualifying benefit.
FSM is used as an indicator of disadvantage, but when drawing conclusions, it should be remembered that not all eligible parents apply for FSM and families who don’t quite reach the eligibility threshold for FSM may still be suffering deprivation.
Suppression rules and disclosure control
Values of 1 or 2, or a percentage based on 1 or 2 pupils who achieved; or 0, 1 or 2 pupils who did not achieve a particular level are suppressed in circumstances where non-suppression would lead to disclosure of pupils. Some additional figures have been suppressed to prevent the possibility of a suppressed figure being revealed.
This suppression is consistent with DfE’s statistical policy statement on confidentiality (PDF opens in a new window or tab) (PDF). The Code of Practice for Official Statistics requires DfE to take reasonable steps to ensure that their published or disseminated statistics protect confidentiality.
For more information about DfE’s disclosure control procedures for its statistical releases please see DfE’s statistical policy statement on confidentiality (PDF opens in a new window or tab) (PDF).
Rounding
Figures in charts and tables are rounded to the nearest whole number. In the downloads, percentages and attainment 8 scores are rounded to one decimal place.
Related publications
Schools, pupils and their characteristics: January 2016
Quality and methodology information
13. Data sources
Source
Key stage 4 and multi-academy trust performance 2018
Type of data
Administrative data
Type of statistic
National Statistics
Publisher
Department for Education
Publication frequency
Yearly
Purpose of data source
The data is collected to help measure schools’ and pupils’ performance at GCSE level (key stage 4).
14. Download the data
This file contains the following: ethnicity, year, local authority, gender, value and denominator
This file contains the following: ethnicity, year, gender, FSM, admissions basis, type of school, SEN, religious character, value and denominator