Reading attainments for children aged 5 to 7 (key stage 1)

Published 10 October 2017

Last updated 4 March 2018 - see all updates

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Contents

1. Main facts and figures

• in 2015/16, there were 641,593 pupils at the end of year 1, and ethnicity was known for 634,052 (99%) of them

• 75% were White, 11% were Asian, 6% were Black, 6% were Mixed, 2% were from the Other ethnic group and 0.5% were Chinese

• overall, 74% of pupils met the expected standard and 24% of pupils met the higher standard in reading (making these figures the national averages)

• Indian pupils were most likely to meet the expected standard and Gypsy/Roma pupils were least likely to meet the expected standard

• Mixed White and Asian and Chinese pupils were most likely to meet the higher standard and Gypsy/Roma were least likely to meet the higher standard

• across all ethnic groups, a higher percentage of girls than boys met both the expected and higher standard

• within every ethnic group, pupils not eligible for free school meals (FSM) did better than those who were eligible, except Gypsy/Roma and White Irish Traveller pupils

Things you need to know

The 2016 key stage 1 assessments are the first which assess the new, more challenging national curriculum. The expected standard has also been raised to be higher than the old level 2. As a result, figures for 2016 are not comparable to those for earlier years.

Teacher assessments for year 2 pupils studying the national curriculum are collected and reported by the Department for Education (DfE), but test results for those pupils are not collected.

School level data is not published for key stage 1.

Results for the Isles of Scilly and the City of London, which have only one school each, have been excluded from local authority breakdowns. This is because the very small number of pupils in these local authorities make the results unreliable.

The Department for Education (DfE) has also excluded, or ‘suppressed’, very small numbers (for example, values of 1 or 2, a percentage based on 1 or 2 pupils who achieved, or 0, 1 or 2 pupils who did not achieve a particular standard).

This is because, where the size of the ethnic group population is small enough that an individual’s identity could be revealed, information is suppressed to preserve confidentiality. This is consistent with DfE’s statistical policy statement on confidentiality (PDF opens in a new window or tab) (PDF).

Pupil numbers for key stage 1 vary between measures of attainment for different subjects. This is because pupils who don't have a valid teacher assessment for a particular subject are excluded from the total. For more about valid teacher assessments, see the Methodology section.

What the data measures

This data measures the reading attainment of children in key stage 1 (years 1 to 2, when pupils are aged between 5 and 7).

The data covers the academic year 2015/16 (September 2015 to July 2016).

The data was collected from 16,337 state-funded mainstream schools (about 650,000 pupils) in England.

The standards for this measure are divided in 2 categories:

• expected standard
• higher standard

To reach the expected standard, pupils must have been assessed by a teacher as 'working at the expected standard' or 'working at a greater depth within the expected standard'.

To reach the higher standard, pupils must have have been assessed by a teacher as 'working at a greater depth within the expected standard'.

The ethnic categories used in this data

This data uses categories from the Department for Education’s school census, which is broadly based on the 2001 national Census, with 2 exceptions:

• Traveller of Irish Heritage and Gypsy/Roma children have been separated into 2 categories
• Sri Lankan has been added to the Asian/Asian British group but is not reported separately
• Chinese pupils have been assigned a separate category

These changes were made after consultations with local authorities and lobby groups.

The categories in the school census are as follows:

White:

• White British
• White Irish
• Traveller of Irish Heritage
• Gypsy/Roma
• Other White

Mixed/Multiple ethnic groups:

• White and Black Caribbean
• White and Black African
• White and Asian
• Other Mixed background

Asian/Asian British:

• Indian
• Pakistani
• Bangladeshi
• Sri Lankan
• Other Asian background

Black/African/Caribbean/Black British:

• Black African
• Black Caribbean
• Other Black background

Chinese Other ethnic group

Information is provided for both detailed and broad ethnic groups where possible and when the data is available.

The 6 broad categories used are as follows:

• Asian/Asian British
• Black/African/Caribbean/Black British
• Chinese
• Mixed/Multiple ethnic groups
• White
• Other ethnic group

However, local authority data is only provided for 5 broad ethnic groups. Information about the specific ethnic categories is excluded to preserve confidentiality and ensure individuals cannot be identified. Information about the Other ethnic group is not given because DfE does not publish data for this group at the local authority level.

The 5 broad categories are as follows:

• Asian/Asian British
• Black/African/Caribbean/Black British
• Chinese
• Mixed/Multiple ethnic groups
• White

2. Reading attainment for children aged 5 to 7 by ethnicity

• Location: England
• Time period: 2015/16
• Source: Phonics screening check and key stage 1 assessments: England 2016

Percentage of pupils meeting the expected and higher standard in reading by ethnicity

Ethnicity	Expected standard	Higher standard
All	74	24
Asian	76	23
Bangladeshi	75	22
Indian	83	31
Pakistani	71	17
Asian other	77	25
Black	76	22
Black African	77	23
Black Caribbean	73	18
Black other	73	20
Chinese	80	32
Mixed	76	26
Mixed White/Asian	81	32
Mixed White/Black African	77	25
Mixed White/Black Caribbean	71	20
Mixed other	77	27
White	74	24
White British	75	24
White Irish	77	30
White Irish Traveller	32	4
White Gypsy/Roma	26	3
White other	67	19
Other	68	18

Download table data (CSV) Source data (CSV)

Summary of Reading attainments for children aged 5 to 7 (key stage 1) Reading attainment for children aged 5 to 7 by ethnicity Summary

The data shows that:

• 83% of Indian pupils met the expected standard (the highest percentage of any ethnic group)

• 26% of pupils from the Gypsy/Roma pupils met the expected standard (a lower percentage than any of the other ethnic groups)

• 24% of White British pupils met the higher standard

• 32% of pupils from the Chinese and Mixed White and Asian ethnic groups met the higher standard (a higher percentage than any of the other ethnic groups)

• 3% of Gypsy/Roma pupils met the higher standard (the lowest percentage of any ethnic group)

3. Reading attainment for children aged 5 to 7 by ethnicity and eligibility for free school meals (FSM)

• Location: England
• Time period: 2015/16
• Source: Phonics screening check and key stage 1 assessments: England 2016

Percentage of pupils meeting the expected standard in reading by ethnicity and eligibility for free school meals

Ethnicity	FSM	Non-FSM
	%	%
All	60	77
Asian	67	77
Bangladeshi	71	76
Indian	73	83
Pakistani	65	72
Asian other	67	79
Black	70	78
Black African	71	79
Black Caribbean	67	75
Black other	67	75
Chinese	75	80
Mixed	65	79
Mixed White/Asian	66	84
Mixed White/Black African	68	80
Mixed White/Black Caribbean	63	75
Mixed other	67	79
White	56	77
White British	57	78
White Irish	57	81
White Irish Traveller	32	32
White Gypsy/Roma	28	25
White other	57	68
Other	63	69

Download table data (CSV) Source data (CSV)

Summary of Reading attainments for children aged 5 to 7 (key stage 1) Reading attainment for children aged 5 to 7 by ethnicity and eligibility for free school meals (FSM) Summary

Eligibility for free school meals (FSM) is used as an indicator of deprivation by the Department for Education. For more about who qualifies for FSM, see the Methodology section.

The data shows that:

• in 2015/2016 there were 97,397 pupils eligible for free school meals in key stage 1 (15% of all pupils)

• overall, 60% of pupils eligible for FSM met the expected standard, compared with 77% of pupils not eligible for FSM (a gap of 17 percentage points)

• 57% of FSM-eligible White British pupils met the expected standard (below the national average for FSM), compared with 78% of White British pupils not eligible (a gap of 21 percentage points)

• FSM-eligible pupils did less well than those not eligible in every ethnic group apart from Gypsy/Roma: here, 28% of FSM-eligible pupils met the expected standard compared with 25% of those not eligible

• for pupils from a Traveller of Irish Heritage background, an equal percentage of FSM eligible and non-eligible pupils (32%) met the expected standard

• 75% of FSM-eligible Chinese pupils met the expected standard (the highest percentage of any ethnic group)

4. Reading attainment for children aged 5 to 7 by ethnicity and area

• Location: England
• Time period: 2015/16
• Source: Phonics screening check and key stage 1 assessments: England 2016

Percentage of pupils reaching the expected standard in reading by ethnicity and area

Local authority	All	Asian	Black	Chinese	Mixed	White
	%	%	%	%	%	%
County Durham	75	89	67	73	77	75
Darlington	75	71			78	75
Gateshead	77	74	77	75	73	77
Hartlepool	73	71			69	73
Middlesbrough	67	68	84		64	68
Newcastle upon Tyne	73	74	73	85	81	74
North Tyneside	76	81	83	60	83	76
Northumberland	78	90		69	76	78
Redcar and Cleveland	77	60			73	77
South Tyneside	78	84			69	79
Stockton-on-Tees	76	82	83	100	67	76
Sunderland	75	72		77	77	76
Blackburn with Darwen	74	75	74	100	68	75
Blackpool	74	65	100	50	84	74
Bolton	71	75	64		72	72
Bury	72	74	63	100	65	73
Cheshire East	75	73	73	73	78	75
Cheshire West and Chester	74	74	38		85	74
Cumbria	69	81	100		67	69
Halton	67	100			73	67
Knowsley	68	91		100	73	67
Lancashire	74	73	73	76	73	74
Liverpool	64	66	70	67	63	64
Manchester	70	68	73	82	75	71
Oldham	67	65	56	76	74	70
Rochdale	71	71	68		77	71
Salford	74	77	73		74	76
Sefton	70	74			70	71
St. Helens	68	58			70	68
Stockport	76	77	75	75	76	76
Tameside	70	66	75	40	73	71
Trafford	79	79	85	79	76	79
Warrington	76	76	81		83	76
Wigan	74	72	74	75	80	74
Wirral	71	78	33	57	77	71
Barnsley	70	59	83		81	70
Bradford	70	72	66		70	69
Calderdale	66	58	72	57	69	68
Doncaster	70	69	71	63	74	70
East Riding of Yorkshire	76	88		100	83	75
Kingston upon Hull, City of	72	79	67		80	72
Kirklees	71	70	72	63	71	72
Leeds	65	64	62	66	61	67
North East Lincolnshire	72				76	72
North Lincolnshire	78	82	50		75	78
North Yorkshire	72	79	60	76	72	72
Rotherham	71	75	67		71	71
Sheffield	71	72	75	82	72	72
Wakefield	72	66	72	79	77	72
York	74	74		57	72	75
Derby	66	72	70	70	69	64
Derbyshire	75	83	74	73	77	74
Leicester	67	73	70		68	60
Leicestershire	73	80	76	69	77	73
Lincolnshire	73	88	75	82	77	73
Northamptonshire	73	78	73	86	72	73
Nottingham	66	72	74	76	68	64
Nottinghamshire	72	70	69	71	74	72
Rutland	80	100	57		75	81
Birmingham	70	71	71	83	70	69
Coventry	70	78	72	79	72	67
Dudley	74	74	85		81	74
Herefordshire, County of	75	70	100		91	75
Sandwell	68	74	73	55	69	66
Shropshire	73	84			79	73
Solihull	79	81	76		79	79
Staffordshire	77	80	67	79	80	77
Stoke-on-Trent	70	71	74	70	74	70
Telford and Wrekin	77	72	84	100	80	77
Walsall	72	76	81		75	71
Warwickshire	76	82	70		77	76
Wolverhampton	71	75	79	67	73	68
Worcestershire	73	66	70	67	73	73
Bedford	72	70	76	100	69	73
Cambridgeshire	73	73	71	83	78	73
Central Bedfordshire	77	85	85		75	77
Essex	77	84	80	84	78	77
Hertfordshire	79	80	79	92	82	79
Luton	70	71	74	58	78	69
Norfolk	75	83	76	83	77	75
Peterborough	68	69	76		73	68
Southend-on-Sea	77	80	77	71	72	77
Suffolk	72	80	75	100	74	72
Thurrock	76	81	84	80	80	74
Camden	75	72	73	65	76	78
City of London
Hackney	81	85	80	83	87	81
Hammersmith and Fulham	78	84	75	100	76	81
Haringey	78	83	79	90	82	76
Islington	75	73	71		81	77
Kensington and Chelsea	81	86	81		81	85
Lambeth	78	78	77	83	82	78
Lewisham	79	79	77	76	83	79
Newham	79	83	81	81	86	70
Southwark	77	82	77	78	76	78
Tower Hamlets	76	76	78	88	80	72
Wandsworth	81	82	75	84	78	85
Westminster	77	79	81		83	81
Barking and Dagenham	75	80	81	81	78	69
Barnet	77	82	75	84	76	78
Bexley	81	91	89		82	78
Brent	75	79	74		83	73
Bromley	80	90	86	89	82	79
Croydon	76	84	75		76	75
Ealing	72	72	68	100	78	75
Enfield	73	85	73	77	79	70
Greenwich	81	89	85	83	80	76
Harrow	77	84	75		79	68
Havering	77	82	82	79	82	76
Hillingdon	75	80	75	63	76	72
Hounslow	79	85	78	85	84	75
Kingston upon Thames	76	78	69	86	75	75
Merton	74	77	77	83	70	74
Redbridge	77	83	72	82	79	72
Richmond upon Thames	79	78	73		82	79
Sutton	78	86	77	91	82	75
Waltham Forest	79	81	80	82	84	77
Bracknell Forest	77	94	76		86	75
Brighton and Hove	75	76	69		77	75
Buckinghamshire	77	72	80	76	78	78
East Sussex	76	81	81		75	76
Hampshire	80	82	84	81	82	80
Isle of Wight	75				77	75
Kent	78	83	82	78	83	78
Medway	75	81	87	100	80	74
Milton Keynes	75	80	79	85	80	74
Oxfordshire	74	70	77	85	76	74
Portsmouth	73	71	72	100	71	73
Reading	74	77	77		73	74
Slough	76	83	77	100	78	67
Southampton	75	80	76	85	79	74
Surrey	78	82	83	88	81	78
West Berkshire	75	84		100	86	74
West Sussex	69	75	61	81	74	69
Windsor and Maidenhead	80	78			78	81
Wokingham	80	86	83		84	79
Bath and North East Somerset	74	72	70	63	71	74
Bournemouth	72	68	84	71	76	73
Bristol, City of	71	68	64		68	74
Cornwall	74	85			77	74
Devon	73	77	57		73	73
Dorset	72	74	70		79	73
Gloucestershire	73	74	67		71	73
Isles of Scilly
North Somerset	77	90			74	77
Plymouth	71	84	86	64	74	71
Poole	77	79	62	100	82	77
Somerset	75	80	57	75	75	75
South Gloucestershire	78	79	76	84	78	78
Swindon	71	75	73		75	71
Torbay	73	82			73	73
Wiltshire	73	79	78	79	79	73

Data withheld to protect confidentiality

Download table data (CSV) Source data (CSV)

Summary of Reading attainments for children aged 5 to 7 (key stage 1) Reading attainment for children aged 5 to 7 by ethnicity and area Summary

The data shows that:

• Asian pupils were most likely to meet the expected standard in Rutland in the East Midlands and Halton in the North West; they were least likely to meet it in St. Helens in the North West, and Calderdale in Yorkshire and the Humber

• Black pupils were most likely to meet the expected standard in Blackpool and Cumbria in the North West, and Herefordshire in the West Midlands; they were least likely to meet it in Wirral in the North West

• 100% of Chinese pupils met the expected standard in 15 local authorities; Chinese pupils were least likely to meet the expected standard in Tameside in the North West

• Mixed pupils were most likely to meet the expected standard in Herefordshire in the West Midlands; they were least likely to meet it in Leeds in Yorkshire and the Humber

• White pupils were most likely to meet the expected standard in Kensington and Chelsea and Wandsworth in London; they were least likely to meet it Leicester in the East Midlands

5. Reading attainment for children aged 5 to 7 by ethnicity and gender

• Location: England
• Time period: 2015/16
• Source: Phonics screening check and key stage 1 assessments: England 2016

Percentage of pupils meeting the expected and higher standard in reading by ethnicity and gender

	Boys		Girls
Ethnicity	Boys Expected standard	Boys Higher standard	Girls Expected standard	Girls Higher standard
All	70	20	78	27
Asian	72	19	80	26
Bangladeshi	71	19	79	25
Indian	79	27	86	36
Pakistani	67	14	75	20
Asian other	73	22	82	29
Black	71	18	81	26
Black African	73	20	82	27
Black Caribbean	68	15	78	21
Black other	68	17	78	24
Chinese	77	29	83	36
Mixed	72	23	81	30
Mixed White/Asian	77	28	85	36
Mixed White/Black African	73	22	80	28
Mixed White/Black Caribbean	66	16	76	23
Mixed other	72	24	82	31
White	70	20	78	27
White British	70	21	79	28
White Irish	72	26	82	35
White Irish Traveller	27	6	37	3
White Gypsy/Roma	21	2	30	4
White other	64	17	71	21
Other	64	15	72	20

Download table data (CSV) Source data (CSV)

Summary of Reading attainments for children aged 5 to 7 (key stage 1) Reading attainment for children aged 5 to 7 by ethnicity and gender Summary

The data shows that:

• overall, girls did better than boys; 78% met the expected standard, compared with 70% of boys, and 27% met the higher standard, compared with 20% of boys

• girls did better than boys within every ethnic group except for pupils from a Traveller of Irish Heritage background; here, 6% of boys met the higher standard, compared with 3% of girls

• Indian girls were most likely to reach the expected standard, and Indian, Mixed White and Asian, and Chinese girls were most likely to reach the higher standard

• 79% of White British girls met the expected standard, compared with 70% of White British boys, and 28% of White British girls met the higher standard, compared with 21% of boys

• Gypsy/Roma boys were least likely to reach both the expected and the higher standard

• for the expected standard, the smallest attainment gap between girls and boys, at 6 percentage points, was found among Chinese pupils, where 83% of girls met the expected standard, compared with 77% of boys

• for the higher standard, the smallest attainment gap, at 2 percentage points, was found among Gypsy/Roma pupils, where 2% of boys met the higher standard, compared with 4% of girls

6. Reading attainment for children aged 5 to 7 by ethnicity, gender and eligibility for free school meals (FSM)

• Location: England
• Time period: 2015/16
• Source: Phonics screening check and key stage 1 assessments: England 2016

Percentage of pupils meeting the expected standard in reading by ethnicity, gender and eligibility for free school meals

Ethnicity	FSM Boys	FSM Girls	Non-FSM Boys	Non-FSM Girls
	%	%	%	%
All	54	65	73	81
Asian	63	72	73	81
Bangladeshi	66	75	72	80
Indian	70	77	80	87
Pakistani	60	70	68	76
Asian other	63	72	74	83
Black	64	76	74	82
Black African	66	77	75	84
Black Caribbean	59	74	72	79
Black other	61	73	71	80
Chinese	72	79	78	83
Mixed	59	71	76	83
Mixed White/Asian	60	72	80	87
Mixed White/Black African	62	73	77	83
Mixed White/Black Caribbean	56	70	71	79
Mixed other	61	72	75	84
White	51	62	73	81
White British	52	63	74	82
White Irish	52	63	76	86
White Irish Traveller	28	35	25	41
White Gypsy/Roma	20	35	22	28
White other	53	61	65	71
Other	57	69	66	73

Download table data (CSV) Source data (CSV)

Summary of Reading attainments for children aged 5 to 7 (key stage 1) Reading attainment for children aged 5 to 7 by ethnicity, gender and eligibility for free school meals (FSM) Summary

Eligibility for free school meals (FSM) is used as an indicator of deprivation by the Department for Education. For more about who qualifies for FSM, see the Methodology section.

The data shows that:

• in 2015/2016 there were 97,397 pupils eligible for free school meals in key stage 1 (15% of all pupils)

• 20% of FSM-eligible Gypsy/Roma boys met the expected standard (the lowest percentage of any group of FSM-eligible children)

• 79% of FSM-eligible Chinese girls met the expected standard (the highest percentage of any group of FSM-eligible children)

• across all ethnic groups, FSM-eligible girls did better than FSM-eligible boys

7. Reading attainment for children aged 5 to 7 by ethnicity, gender and area

• Location: England
• Time period: 2015/16
• Source: Phonics screening check and key stage 1 assessments: England 2016

Percentage of pupils meeting the expected standard in reading by ethnicity, gender and area

	All		Asian		Black		Chinese		Mixed		White
Local authority	All Boys	All Girls	Asian Boys	Asian Girls	Black Boys	Black Girls	Chinese Boys	Chinese Girls	Mixed Boys	Mixed Girls	White Boys	White Girls
Barking and Dagenham	71	79	77	83	77	86			71	84	66	72
Barnet	74	80	79	85	70	80	76	90	74	79	76	80
Barnsley	65	76							83	79	65	76
Bath and North East Somerset	70	78	77	69					67	76	71	78
Bedford	68	76	64	77	66	84		100	63	75	70	75
Bexley	79	83	88	93	89	89	100		79	86	75	81
Birmingham	65	74	67	76	67	75	75	92	64	77	64	74
Blackburn with Darwen	70	79	69	81					65	71	72	79
Blackpool	70	78	64	65							70	78
Bolton	67	76	72	79	62	65			69	75	67	77
Bournemouth	70	75	65	73					70	81	70	75
Bracknell Forest	74	80			74	77		100	87	86	72	79
Bradford	65	74	67	76	54	76			64	77	65	73
Brent	72	77	77	81	72	77			78	87	72	74
Brighton and Hove	71	78	79	73	60	79			76	77	72	79
Bristol, City of	67	76	65	71	58	70		100	64	72	69	78
Bromley	76	84	88	92	81	91			77	88	75	82
Buckinghamshire	73	80	70	74	76	84			76	81	74	81
Bury	68	77	72	76	60	67	100	100	45	81	68	78
Calderdale	62	71	53	64					61	78	63	73
Cambridgeshire	69	77	71	75	69	74	85	80	71	85	69	77
Camden	71	79	66	78	69	77			75	76	75	81
Central Bedfordshire	73	81	77	93	82	89			68	80	73	81
Cheshire East	70	80	79	65					76	80	70	80
Cheshire West and Chester	70	78	63	87				100	80	91	70	78
City of London
Cornwall	69	78							73	83	69	78
County Durham	71	80					60	100	73	82	71	80
Coventry	65	74	72	83	65	79			65	77	64	70
Croydon	73	80	79	90	70	78		100	71	81	72	77
Cumbria	64	75	80	81			100		52	81	65	75
Darlington	71	79	65	76		100					71	79
Derby	61	70	69	76	62	79			61	77	60	68
Derbyshire	70	79	83	83					70	86	70	79
Devon	67	78	74	81			100		75	71	67	79
Doncaster	65	75	64	73	65	79	69	50	65	81	66	75
Dorset	68	77	70	80	100	50			68	88	68	77
Dudley	69	80	70	79	77	92		100	76	88	68	80
Ealing	68	75	67	77	64	71	100	100	73	83	71	78
East Riding of Yorkshire	70	81							80	86	70	81
East Sussex	71	80	79	83	53	100			70	81	72	80
Enfield	69	77	83	88	67	80	77	77	75	84	67	74
Essex	72	82	81	87	73	88	80	88	73	83	72	82
Gateshead	73	81	73	76					79	67	72	82
Gloucestershire	70	76	67	82	67	67			70	73	70	76
Greenwich	77	85	86	92	82	88	81	85	76	85	72	81
Hackney	77	85	85	85	75	85			84	89	78	85
Halton	61	72							79	67	61	72
Hammersmith and Fulham	75	81	81	85	72	79			72	80	78	83
Hampshire	77	84	81	82	78	89	77	85	78	85	77	84
Haringey	74	81	78	87	72	85			80	84	74	79
Harrow	72	83	79	89	66	84		100	80	78	61	75
Hartlepool	66	80			100						66	80
Havering	72	82	74	92	76	91			75	88	71	81
Herefordshire, County of	71	80									71	80
Hertfordshire	75	83	75	86	74	84			78	85	74	83
Hillingdon	70	80	73	88	69	80			71	81	67	76
Hounslow	77	82	82	88	74	82			83	85	72	78
Isle of Wight	72	79		100							73	78
Isles of Scilly
Islington	73	77	67	78	69	73			80	83	75	80
Kensington and Chelsea	78	84			79	85			71	90	84	86
Kent	74	82	81	85	79	86	70	83	80	86	74	82
Kingston upon Hull, City of	68	76	82	75	67	67			78	82	67	76
Kingston upon Thames	72	79	79	77	63	75			76	74	70	81
Kirklees	67	76	66	75	61	82			63	79	68	77
Knowsley	63	74	83	100	100			100	65	80	62	73
Lambeth	74	82	75	82	73	82			78	86	75	81
Lancashire	69	78	71	74	57	88			68	77	69	79
Leeds	61	70	62	67	55	70	68	63	61	62	62	72
Leicester	63	71	70	76	64	76			60	76	56	65
Leicestershire	69	78	79	81	59	89	58	76	78	76	68	78
Lewisham	75	82	78	81	72	82	74	78	82	84	76	82
Lincolnshire	67	78	86	89			64	100	72	82	67	78
Liverpool	58	69	62	69	67	73	55	83	52	74	59	70
Luton	65	75	65	78	71	77			76	80	64	74
Manchester	66	74	64	73	68	80	78	87	73	78	68	73
Medway	72	79	86	75	82	91			78	82	71	78
Merton	71	78	76	78	71	83			66	74	71	77
Middlesbrough	63	72	59	80	81	86			60	68	65	71
Milton Keynes	72	79	75	84	76	82			74	85	70	78
Newcastle upon Tyne	70	77	67	80	69	77	71	100	77	86	71	77
Newham	75	83	79	87	77	85			84	89	66	73
Norfolk	69	80	77	88	76	77	84	82	74	79	69	80
North East Lincolnshire	68	77		100					74	80	67	77
North Lincolnshire	74	82	74	92							74	82
North Somerset	73	81				100			72	77	73	81
North Tyneside	73	80	74	88					78	86	73	80
North Yorkshire	68	77	70	90					69	75	68	77
Northamptonshire	69	77	74	82	65	80			68	78	69	77
Northumberland	74	84					100	50	77	76	73	84
Nottingham	62	71	69	76	68	81			63	74	60	68
Nottinghamshire	66	77	64	76	55	82	67	76	72	75	67	78
Oldham	62	71	59	71	49	61			71	77	66	74
Oxfordshire	70	78	65	74	76	77			72	80	71	79
Peterborough	63	74	63	75	65	90			68	78	63	74
Plymouth	66	76							72	74	66	76
Poole	73	83	77	81			100		78	86	72	83
Portsmouth	67	79	64	78	72	73	100	100	63	80	68	80
Reading	70	79	69	84	74	80	100		72	75	69	79
Redbridge	73	82	79	87	70	74			74	84	66	79
Redcar and Cleveland	71	83									72	83
Richmond upon Thames	76	83	77	80	71	76		100	79	85	76	84
Rochdale	66	76	66	75	68	67			77	76	65	77
Rotherham	65	76	69	80	62	70			63	80	65	76
Rutland	78	82	100	100							78	83
Salford	70	79	70	83	64	82		100	71	79	72	80
Sandwell	63	73	68	79	68	77			63	76	62	70
Sefton	66	75	73	75			100		58	81	67	75
Sheffield	67	76	67	78	75	75			66	78	67	76
Shropshire	67	80							69	89	67	79
Slough	72	79	78	87	68	85			75	80	66	68
Solihull	75	82	80	82	68	84			77	82	75	83
Somerset	70	79	71	90					69	82	71	79
South Gloucestershire	74	81	73	84	77	76			69	85	74	81
South Tyneside	76	81				100			74	60	76	83
Southampton	70	81	74	86	78	74			75	83	69	80
Southend-on-Sea	71	82	73	88	74	79			62	83	72	82
Southwark	73	80	83	82	72	83	79	76	70	82	78	79
St. Helens	63	73					100		68	72	63	73
Staffordshire	72	82	78	82	50	88			77	83	72	82
Stockport	72	80	79	76	68	80			70	82	73	80
Stockton-on-Tees	70	82	74	88			100	100	62	72	71	82
Stoke-on-Trent	64	76	62	80	62	85			65	84	65	75
Suffolk	68	77	84	77	75	74			70	78	68	77
Sunderland	71	79	66	78					70	84	72	80
Surrey	75	83	78	86	79	86			76	87	74	82
Sutton	74	82	82	89	77	78			82	82	70	80
Swindon	65	77	70	81	64	86			64	87	65	76
Tameside	65	75	61	70	68	80			65	80	66	76
Telford and Wrekin	73	82	65	80	77	89			84	76	73	82
Thurrock	73	80	72	92	78	90			77	84	72	77
Torbay	68	78							64	86	68	78
Tower Hamlets	71	81	72	81	75	81			71	89	68	76
Trafford	75	83	71	85	83	88	69	85	74	79	76	83
Wakefield	66	78	59	75	68	75			70	84	66	79
Walsall	68	75	73	78	80	82		100	69	81	67	75
Waltham Forest	76	83	77	85	73	87			82	86	74	80
Wandsworth	78	84	77	87	70	80			76	80	83	86
Warrington	72	80	68	84				100	83	84	72	80
Warwickshire	72	81	78	87	61	81		100	73	82	71	81
West Berkshire	72	79			100				78	93	71	78
West Sussex	64	75	73	77	62	61			71	77	63	75
Westminster	75	79	77	81	82	79	100		78	88	78	83
Wigan	69	79	69	73	71	76			72	88	69	79
Wiltshire	70	77	74	84	69	90			78	80	70	77
Windsor and Maidenhead	77	83	70	86		100			76	80	79	84
Wirral	66	78	76	79			67	50	70	84	65	78
Wokingham	77	84	85	87				100	82	86	75	82
Wolverhampton	66	76	70	80	75	83			67	80	63	73
Worcestershire	69	77	63	71	79	50			64	84	69	77
York	71	78	64	83		100			64	81	72	78

Data withheld to protect confidentiality

Download table data (CSV) Source data (CSV)

Summary of Reading attainments for children aged 5 to 7 (key stage 1) Reading attainment for children aged 5 to 7 by ethnicity, gender and area Summary

The data shows that:

• overall, girls did better than boys in most local authorities

• girls were most likely to reach the expected standard in Hackney and Greenwich in London, where 85% of girls did so

• boys were most likely to reach the expected standard in Bexley in London, where 79% of boys did so

• for Asian pupils, the biggest attainment gap was in Cheshire West in the North West, where 87% of girls met the expected standard, compared with 63% of boys

• for Black pupils, the biggest attainment gap was in Dorset in the South West, where 50% of girls met the expected standard, compared with 100% of boys

• for Chinese pupils, the biggest attainment gap was in Northumberland in the North East, where 50% of girls met the expected standard, compared with 100% of boys

• for pupils in the Mixed ethnic group, the biggest attainment gap was in Bury in the North West, where 81% of girls met the expected standard, compared with 45% of boys

• for White pupils, the biggest attainment gap was in Harrow in London, where 75% of girls met the expected standard, compared with 61% of boys, and in Hartlepool in the North East, where 80% of girls met the expected standard compared with 66% of boys

• please be aware except for the information for White pupils, the statistics quoted for reading by ethnicity, gender and local authority are based on small numbers of pupils and are highly variable over time

8. Methodology

The key stage 1 dataset is compiled using information matched together from 3 data sources:

• key stage 1 teacher assessment results
• prior attainment results in phonics
• school census records

Key stage 1 results received from local authorities are combined with pupil characteristics from the school census. Records are matched using identifiers such as surname, forename, date of birth, unique pupil number, gender and postcode. This successfully matches around 98% of results.

Key stage 1 assessment results are not published at school level. The coverage of the local authority and regional statistics is for state-funded mainstream schools only in England. This includes schools and academies but excludes hospital schools, pupil referral units and alternative provision.

The information is collected from 16,337 schools (approximately 650,000 pupils).

Pupils are included in the figures for free school meals (FSM) if their families have claimed eligibility for FSM at the time of the annual spring school census. This FSM definition includes all who were eligible to receive FSM, not only those who actually received FSM. Pupils not eligible for FSM or unclassified pupils are described as ‘non-FSM’ or ‘all other pupils’.

Parents are able to claim FSM if they receive a qualifying benefit.

FSM is used as an indicator of disadvantage, but when drawing conclusions, it should be remembered that not all eligible parents apply for FSM. Families who don’t quite reach the eligibility threshold for FSM may still be suffering deprivation.

Any pupils who do not have a valid key stage 1 outcome for a subject are excluded from the calculations for that subject and do not appear in the number of eligible pupils or in the outcome percentages. For reading, writing and mathematics, the valid outcomes are:

• below the pre-key stage standard
• foundations for the expected standard
• working towards the expected standard
• working at the expected standard
• working at greater depth within the expected standard
• absent
• disapplied

For science, the valid outcomes are:

• has not met the expected standard
• working at the expected standard
• absent
• disapplied

Pupils with an outcome of ‘absent’ or ‘disapplied’ are included to ensure complete coverage of the cohort. In the 2016 data, there were no pupils with maladministration in any subject.

Suppression rules and disclosure control

Values of 1 or 2 or a percentage based on 1 or 2 pupils who achieved, or did not achieve, a particular standard are suppressed. Some additional figures may be suppressed to prevent the possibility of a suppressed figure being revealed. This suppression is consistent with DfE’s statistical policy statement on confidentiality (PDF opens in a new window or tab) (PDF) .

Figures for the Isles of Scilly and City of London are suppressed in DfE’s key stage 2 provisional Statistical First Release as these local authorities have a single school and DfE do not publish school-level information in the performance tables at the time of the provisional release. These figures are unsuppressed in the revised release as school-level figures are already published in the performance tables.

Regional eligible pupil figures are rounded to the nearest 10 so that it is not possible to derive figures for these local authorities by summing the figures for the other local authorities in the region.

In the school-level data, any figures relating to a cohort of 5 pupils or fewer are suppressed. This applies to sub-groups of pupils as well as the whole cohort. For example, if there were five boys and three girls in a school, DfE would not publish attainment for boys or girls separately but would publish attainment for all pupils as this is based on 8 pupils. The Code of Practice for Official Statistics requires DfE to take reasonable steps to ensure that their published or disseminated statistics protect confidentiality.

For more information about DfE’s disclosure control procedures for its statistical releases please see DfE’s statistical policy statement on confidentiality (PDF opens in a new window or tab) (PDF).

Rounding

All charts, tables and downloads are rounded to the nearest whole number.

Related publications

Schools, pupils and their characteristics: January 2016

Quality and methodology information

9. Data sources

Source

Phonics screening check and key stage 1 assessments: England 2016

Type of data

Administrative data

Type of statistic

National Statistics

Publisher

Department for Education

Publication frequency

Yearly

Purpose of data source

This data provides results for the 2016 phonics screening checks and key stage 1 national curriculum assessments for pupils in schools in England. The results are used to monitor pupils’ attainment and progress in reading, writing, science and mathematics.

10. Download the data

Expected standard in reading for children aged 5 to 7 (key stage 1) - national - Spreadsheet (csv) 56 KB

This file contains: ethnicity, year, gender, FSM status, denominator

Expected standard in reading for children aged 5 to 7 (key stage 1) - local authority - Spreadsheet (csv) 564 KB

This file contains: ethnicity, year, gender, region, local authority, denominator

Higher standard in reading for children aged 5 to 7 (key stage 1) - national - Spreadsheet (csv) 13 KB

This file contains: ethnicity, year, gender, denominator

Publication release date: 10 October 2017

Updated: 4 March 2018

full page history

1. 4 March 2018 minor editorial updates for style consistency
2. 10 October 2017 First published

From: Department for Education

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