Pupil exclusions

Published 27 January 2020

Last updated 4 September 2020 - see all updates

Contents

1. Main facts and figures

• Gypsy and Roma, and Traveller of Irish Heritage pupils had the highest school exclusion rates (both permanent and temporary) in the 2017 to 2018 school year
• Mixed White and Black Caribbean, and Black Caribbean pupils also had high exclusion rates, and were both nearly 3 times as likely to be permanently excluded as White British pupils
• pupils from the Chinese and Indian ethnic groups had the lowest exclusion rates

2. Things you need to know

What the data measures

The data shows the number and rate of exclusions from state-funded schools in England.

There are 2 types of exclusion:

• temporary (also known as ‘fixed period exclusions’) which can be for up to 45 school days
• permanent, which means a pupil can’t return to the school they're excluded from

Pupils can be excluded more than once and from more than one school, as long as all the temporary exclusions in an academic year don't add up to more than 45 days.

Exclusion rates are rounded to 2 decimal places.

Not included in the data

Individual pupils can receive more than one temporary exclusion. The data does not show:

• the number of pupils who were excluded
• how many times each pupil was excluded

How exclusion rates are calculated

Exclusion rates are shown as percentages, but they are not the overall percentage of pupils who were excluded.

Rates are calculated using the number of pupils in January each year and the number of exclusions in the whole academic year.

For example, an exclusion rate of 17.42% is the equivalent of 17 exclusions for every 100 pupils.

The ethnic groups used in the data

The ethnic groups used are based on the 18 ethnic groups used in the 2011 Census, with 2 exceptions:

• there are separate categories for Traveller of Irish Heritage, and Gypsy and Roma pupils
• the Chinese ethnic group has its own category, rather than being part of the Asian ethnic group

Data analysed over time and by local authority is shown for 6 aggregated groups:

• Asian
• Black
• Chinese
• Mixed
• White
• Other

This is to make sure pupil numbers are large enough to be reliable.

Pupils’ ethnicity was not known for about 2% of school exclusions. Exclusion rates are shown separately for pupils whose ethnic group was not known.

Methodology

Read the detailed methodology document (PDF, 365KB, 31 pages) (PDF opens in a new window or tab) for this data.

Some of this data is based on very small numbers of pupils. Find out more about how group size affects the reliability of data.

3. Temporary exclusions by ethnicity

• Location: England
• Time period: 2017 to 2018 school year
• Source: Permanent and fixed period exclusions in England 2017 to 2018

Temporary exclusion rate, and number of temporary exclusions, by ethnicity

Ethnicity	%	Number
Asian	1.76	15,747
Bangladeshi	1.93	2,742
Indian	0.75	1,839
Pakistani	2.52	8,997
Asian other	1.45	2,169
Black	5.56	25,538
Black African	4.08	12,564
Black Caribbean	10.46	9,432
Black other	5.80	3,542
Chinese	0.50	181
Mixed	5.89	27,583
Mixed White/Asian	3.41	3,782
Mixed White/Black African	5.78	3,636
Mixed White/Black Caribbean	10.13	12,384
Mixed other	4.52	7,781
White	5.50	329,354
White British	5.70	308,745
White Irish	5.00	1,147
Gypsy/Roma	16.52	4,359
Irish Traveller	17.42	1,033
White other	2.74	14,070
Other	3.16	4,840
Unknown	8.05	7,510

Download table data (CSV) Source data (CSV)

Summary of Pupil exclusions Temporary exclusions by ethnicity Summary

This data shows that, in the 2017 to 2018 school year:

• the highest temporary exclusion rates were among Traveller of Irish Heritage pupils (17.42%, or 1,742 exclusions per 10,000 pupils) and Gypsy and Roma pupils (16.52%, or 1,652 per 10,000 pupils)
• the lowest rates were among pupils from the Chinese (0.50%, or 50 per 10,000 pupils) and Indian ethnic groups (0.75%, or 75 per 10,000 pupils)
• out of the 6 aggregated ethnic groups, the highest rates were among pupils from Mixed (5.89%, or 589 per 10,000 pupils) and Black (5.56%, or 556 per 10,000 pupils) backgrounds
• the temporary exclusion rate for White British pupils was 5.70%, or 570 per 10,000 pupils

4. Permanent exclusions by ethnicity

• Location: England
• Time period: 2017 to 2018 school year
• Source: Permanent and fixed period exclusions in England 2017 to 2018

Permanent exclusion rate, and number of permanent exclusions, by ethnicity

Ethnicity	%	Number
Asian	0.04	361
Bangladeshi	0.04	59
Indian	0.02	43
Pakistani	0.06	207
Asian other	0.03	52
Black	0.13	588
Black African	0.08	256
Black Caribbean	0.28	251
Black other	0.13	81
Chinese	0.01	3
Mixed	0.16	745
Mixed White/Asian	0.09	95
Mixed White/Black African	0.14	86
Mixed White/Black Caribbean	0.27	336
Mixed other	0.13	228
White	0.10	5,945
White British	0.10	5,517
White Irish	0.15	34
Gypsy/Roma	0.36	95
Irish Traveller	0.29	17
White other	0.05	282
Other	0.06	96
Unknown	0.18	167

Download table data (CSV) Source data (CSV)

Summary of Pupil exclusions Permanent exclusions by ethnicity Summary

The summary below only includes figures that are based on high enough pupil numbers to make reliable generalisations.

This data shows that, in the 2017 to 2018 school year:

• the highest permanent exclusion rates were among Gypsy and Roma pupils (0.36%, or 36 exclusions per 10,000 pupils) and Traveller of Irish Heritage pupils (0.29%, or 29 per 10,000 pupils)
• the lowest rates were among pupils from the Indian (0.02%, or 2 per 10,000 pupils) and Asian Other (0.03%, or 3 per 10,000 pupils) ethnic groups
• the permanent exclusion rate for White British pupils was 0.10%, or 10 per 10,000 pupils

5. Temporary exclusions by ethnicity over time

• Location: England
• Time period: 2006/07 to 2017/18
• Source: Permanent and fixed period exclusions in England 2017 to 2018

Temporary exclusion rate, and number of temporary exclusions, by ethnicity over time

	All		Asian		Black		Chinese		Mixed		White		Other
Academic year	All %	All Number	Asian %	Asian Number	Black %	Black Number	Chinese %	Chinese Number	Mixed %	Mixed Number	White %	White Number	Other %	Other Number
2006/07	5.65	425,554	3.07	15,817	8.98	25,494	0.83	205	9.02	19,725	6.32	347,846	3.97	2,933
2007/08	5.13	383,831	2.78	14,950	8.00	23,478	0.95	236	7.75	17,837	5.83	314,783	3.79	2,977
2008/09	4.88	363,277	2.65	14,751	7.72	23,361	0.83	206	7.37	17,925	5.57	296,002	3.61	2,990
2009/10	4.44	331,380	2.44	14,112	7.28	22,820	0.73	181	6.85	17,684	5.07	267,282	3.27	2,853
2010/11	4.33	324,106	2.21	13,253	6.98	22,775	0.62	155	6.55	17,891	4.94	258,314	3.24	2,973
2011/12	4.03	304,372	2.05	12,885	6.00	20,316	0.45	115	5.94	17,139	4.72	245,106	3.08	2,983
2012/13	3.51	267,520	1.82	11,845	5.06	17,802	0.41	106	5.13	15,629	4.14	214,482	2.76	2,770
2013/14	3.50	269,475	1.68	11,347	4.77	17,389	0.41	109	5.02	16,226	4.16	216,185	2.56	2,712
2014/15	3.88	302,975	1.85	12,988	5.42	20,446	0.47	131	5.49	18,835	4.61	240,762	2.96	3,324
2015/16	4.29	339,362	1.91	13,906	5.89	22,899	0.56	161	5.98	21,664	5.14	269,533	3.05	3,645
2016/17	4.76	381,864	1.80	15,680	5.65	25,557	0.56	197	5.73	25,678	5.08	303,724	3.11	4,570
2017/18	5.08	410,753	1.76	15,747	5.56	25,538	0.50	181	5.89	27,583	5.50	329,354	3.16	4,840

Download table data (CSV) Source data (CSV)

Summary of Pupil exclusions Temporary exclusions by ethnicity over time Summary

This data shows that:

• the national average went from 5.7% (570 exclusions per 10,000 pupils) to 5.1% (510 exclusions per 10,000 pupils) in the 12 academic years covered by this data
• it reached its lowest point in 2013 to 2014, at 3.5% (350 exclusions per 10,000 pupils)
• in every ethnic group, the temporary exclusion rate was lower in 2017 to 2018 than in 2006 to 2007
• in every year covered by this data, pupils from Black and Mixed backgrounds had the highest rates out of all ethnic groups
• the rates for White pupils were also consistently above the national average
• pupils from the Chinese ethnic group consistently had the lowest rates

6. Temporary exclusions by ethnicity and type of school

• Location: England
• Time period: 2017 to 2018 school year
• Source: Permanent and fixed period exclusions in England 2017 to 2018

Temporary exclusion rate, and number of temporary exclusions, by ethnicity and type of school

	State-funded primary		State-funded secondary		Special
Ethnicity	State-funded primary %	State-funded primary Number	State-funded secondary %	State-funded secondary Number	Special %	Special Number
Asian	0.25	1,323	3.94	14,198	1.95	226
Bangladeshi	0.24	197	4.17	2,468	3.94	77
Indian	0.09	133	1.71	1,692	0.65	14
Pakistani	0.37	769	5.73	8,140	1.60	88
Asian other	0.26	224	3.16	1,898	2.32	47
Black	1.57	4,110	10.84	20,552	10.91	876
Black African	1.12	2,002	8.32	10,325	4.68	237
Black Caribbean	3.28	1,521	17.75	7,465	25.83	446
Black other	1.61	587	11.77	2,762	15.58	193
Chinese	0.11	24	1.20	155	0.51	2
Mixed	1.81	5,264	12.26	20,853	21.56	1,466
Mixed White/Asian	0.81	559	7.66	3,088	10.95	135
Mixed White/Black African	1.81	733	12.81	2,746	17.50	157
Mixed White/Black Caribbean	3.46	2,558	19.75	9,121	34.01	705
Mixed other	1.32	1,414	9.48	5,898	18.06	469
White	1.56	54,252	10.90	263,385	13.38	11,717
White British	1.63	50,848	11.09	246,571	13.76	11,326
White Irish	1.37	166	9.00	944	11.64	37
Gypsy/Roma	4.30	772	43.63	3,505	19.43	82
Irish Traveller	8.14	379	50.35	571	59.71	83
White other	0.62	2,087	6.75	11,794	4.29	189
Other	0.57	526	7.20	4,224	4.67	90
Unknown	1.46	606	13.38	6,718	10.86	186

Download table data (CSV) Source data (CSV)

Summary of Pupil exclusions Temporary exclusions by ethnicity and type of school Summary

The summary below only includes figures based on enough pupils to make reliable generalisations.

This data shows that, in the 2017 to 2018 school year:

• in every ethnic group, temporary exclusion rates were higher in secondary and special schools than in primary schools
• Traveller of Irish Heritage pupils had the highest temporary exclusion rates in every type of school – 8.14% at primary schools, 50.35% at secondary schools and 59.71% at special schools (equivalent to 814, 5,035 and 5,971 exclusions per 10,000 pupils)
• pupils from the Indian and Chinese ethnic groups had the lowest rates in every type of school
• out of the 6 aggregated ethnic groups, pupils with Mixed ethnicity had the highest rates in every type of school – 1.81% at primary schools, 12.26% at secondary schools and 21.56% at special schools (equivalent to 181, 1,226 and 2,156 exclusions per 10,000 pupils)

7. Temporary exclusions by ethnicity and local authority

• Location: England
• Time period: 2017 to 2018 school year
• Source: Permanent and fixed period exclusions in England 2017 to 2018

Temporary exclusion rate, and number of temporary exclusions, by ethnicity and local authority

	Asian		Black		Chinese		Mixed		White		Other
Local Authority	Asian Number	Asian %	Black Number	Black %	Chinese Number	Chinese %	Mixed Number	Mixed %	White Number	White %	Other Number	Other %
Barking and Dagenham	20	0.20	203	1.70	0	0.00	114	3.26	358	2.17	12	1.64
Barnet	72	0.97	350	5.26	4	0.51	235	3.89	739	2.47	153	2.56
Barnsley	3	1.52	25	10.82	0	0.00	50	6.58	5,717	17.75	1	0.80
Bath and North East Somerset	2	0.50	46	20.18	0	0.00	135	10.07	1,392	5.78	1	0.74
Bedford	66	1.52	79	4.93	0	0.00	173	6.22	709	3.76	9	2.47
Bexley	28	0.78	248	3.12	6	1.04	188	5.91	1,861	6.78	10	1.71
Birmingham	1,716	2.30	1,689	6.82	3	0.29	1,258	7.44	3,273	4.76	301	2.98
Blackburn with Darwen	98	0.83	7	2.25	0	0.00	27	3.02	637	4.84	3	1.03
Blackpool	4	1.00	4	5.41	0	0.00	65	10.82	1,453	8.30	0	0.00
Bolton	187	1.62	108	3.72	3	1.96	129	6.38	2,831	8.80	47	5.05
Bournemouth	11	1.31	8	3.67	0	0.00	145	9.31	1,670	8.34	21	6.62
Bracknell Forest	7	0.71	17	3.31	1	1.25	61	6.03	934	6.18	1	0.89
Bradford	1,375	3.24	87	5.47	0	0.00	299	5.60	2,766	5.90	31	2.24
Brent	119	0.84	733	7.02	1	1.01	185	5.37	262	2.20	194	3.71
Brighton and Hove	27	2.35	32	4.64	0	0.00	173	5.50	1,397	5.44	34	4.30
Bristol City of	110	2.44	569	9.13	1	0.39	566	11.17	3,811	9.26	32	5.61
Bromley	19	0.61	241	4.76	1	0.16	197	3.62	1,099	3.17	12	1.81
Buckinghamshire	347	2.35	120	5.41	0	0.00	317	5.23	2,012	3.38	11	2.05
Bury	128	2.96	34	4.82	2	1.59	168	12.46	1,705	7.61	17	4.72
Calderdale	144	2.29	5	1.61	0	0.00	68	4.71	1,065	3.80	4	2.34
Cambridgeshire	60	1.86	73	7.27	0	0.00	259	5.81	2,941	3.99	7	0.97
Camden	127	2.95	359	8.18	0	0.00	192	7.01	407	4.64	83	5.62
Central Bedfordshire	16	1.47	39	3.69	2	1.49	184	7.15	1,500	3.87	7	2.82
Cheshire East	10	1.05	14	6.28	0	0.00	64	3.50	3,180	6.44	5	2.03
Cheshire West and Chester	1	0.13	2	0.99	0	0.00	35	2.79	1,821	3.91	2	1.13
City of London	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	6	14.29	0	0.00	0	0.00
Cornwall	3	1.30	1	1.69	0	0.00	80	4.94	2,455	3.54	4	1.79
Coventry	121	1.06	323	5.05	1	0.43	311	8.34	2,359	7.25	22	2.31
Croydon	78	0.87	973	6.05	3	0.96	454	5.21	569	2.73	26	2.13
Cumbria	7	1.53	7	6.31	0	0.00	48	4.55	3,215	4.91	4	1.87
Darlington	2	0.43	1	1.14	0	0.00	24	6.22	882	5.88	8	8.08
Derby	177	2.19	86	5.34	0	0.00	243	7.82	1,559	5.54	14	1.83
Derbyshire	9	0.78	12	3.25	1	0.33	120	4.13	4,680	4.66	11	4.31
Devon	5	0.79	12	6.98	2	0.93	104	4.69	4,359	4.69	19	2.53
Doncaster	54	3.75	70	12.61	4	1.97	325	23.45	10,174	23.62	24	5.31
Dorset	3	0.61	7	5.26	2	1.43	131	8.19	3,114	5.89	20	13.89
Dudley	131	2.65	100	7.84	1	0.82	270	8.47	1,750	4.79	45	5.13
Durham	13	2.45	4	2.27	1	0.50	30	2.91	3,408	4.92	3	0.93
Ealing	158	1.00	446	5.34	2	0.95	216	4.67	336	2.07	181	2.30
East Riding of Yorkshire	3	1.35	4	6.35	0	0.00	33	3.35	1,936	4.47	26	12.26
East Sussex	14	1.08	25	5.33	0	0.00	199	6.20	3,806	6.28	7	2.13
Enfield	101	2.08	1,179	8.59	4	1.40	366	6.07	1,410	4.97	190	5.77
Essex	75	1.28	239	3.64	3	0.36	473	4.75	7,687	4.27	24	1.49
Gateshead	10	1.43	21	5.05	0	0.00	39	6.75	1,396	5.45	17	3.23
Gloucestershire	41	1.53	74	5.99	1	0.43	383	9.43	3,447	4.46	12	3.82
Greenwich	36	0.96	651	4.74	2	0.34	269	5.67	992	5.37	17	1.50
Hackney	97	2.27	1,102	9.18	1	0.38	244	6.68	467	3.91	87	4.29
Halton	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	20	4.21	835	4.57	0	0.00
Hammersmith and Fulham	29	1.92	344	7.30	1	1.19	160	6.15	349	4.02	100	4.43
Hampshire	62	1.18	73	3.56	4	0.68	266	4.06	7,361	4.62	24	2.74
Haringey	34	1.49	670	7.33	1	0.27	218	4.99	580	3.12	108	4.36
Harrow	160	0.94	264	7.04	0	0.00	114	3.78	211	2.12	90	5.12
Hartlepool	4	1.12	4	5.19	0	0.00	13	6.67	4,830	33.53	2	2.99
Havering	28	1.00	169	3.71	1	0.47	109	4.16	742	2.65	11	2.88
Herefordshire	0	0.00	2	5.13	0	0.00	22	3.67	924	4.11	3	2.50
Hertfordshire	192	1.23	389	4.78	4	0.41	729	5.23	6,188	4.12	68	3.71
Hillingdon	132	0.91	237	4.33	0	0.00	180	3.06	928	4.31	85	2.14
Hounslow	152	1.05	272	5.29	2	1.22	195	5.26	733	5.00	124	2.67
Isle of Wight	1	0.78	0	0.00	0	0.00	26	5.39	981	6.18	0	0.00
Isles Of Scilly	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	2	0.77	0	0.00
Islington	59	2.73	627	10.67	0	0.00	304	8.01	677	6.41	63	3.74
Kensington and Chelsea	23	4.52	237	10.22	0	0.00	116	5.23	190	3.73	145	6.72
Kent	83	0.90	262	4.16	7	0.94	437	3.58	9,602	4.83	48	2.39
Kingston upon Hull City of	4	0.67	19	2.56	0	0.00	32	2.13	1,103	3.08	17	1.53
Kingston upon Thames	49	1.01	43	5.33	1	0.26	98	3.67	243	1.64	15	0.98
Kirklees	323	1.73	87	6.55	0	0.00	499	11.42	3,032	7.26	35	5.18
Knowsley	3	1.11	2	1.34	0	0.00	15	3.42	796	4.19	9	8.57
Lambeth	16	0.89	951	6.19	0	0.00	323	5.91	245	2.05	53	2.76
Lancashire	473	2.43	23	3.36	0	0.00	215	3.92	6,569	4.61	6	0.77
Leeds	225	1.51	189	2.19	0	0.00	438	5.70	3,987	4.60	26	1.17
Leicester	266	1.09	239	4.21	0	0.00	277	6.84	1,207	6.14	25	1.91
Leicestershire	97	1.24	22	1.95	1	0.29	215	4.76	2,815	3.43	8	2.12
Lewisham	16	0.62	834	5.65	1	0.17	285	4.58	379	2.75	17	1.32
Lincludingolnshire	11	0.81	25	5.24	4	1.29	108	3.71	4,366	4.40	10	2.15
Liverpool	24	0.81	76	2.37	5	0.52	145	3.73	2,103	3.67	77	2.70
Luton	571	3.32	241	5.97	0	0.00	259	8.05	828	6.70	25	3.99
Manchester	416	2.14	757	5.18	3	0.32	513	7.01	2,671	7.52	218	3.57
Medway	34	1.45	127	4.52	1	0.69	166	5.92	2,258	6.15	5	1.12
Merton	53	0.93	183	4.54	0	0.00	134	4.05	368	2.58	22	2.41
Middlesbrough	86	3.29	10	2.32	0	0.00	106	8.47	3,776	19.92	25	3.17
Milton Keynes	64	1.14	263	4.05	1	0.41	252	6.73	2,111	7.14	25	6.00
Newcastle upon Tyne	99	1.94	48	2.64	0	0.00	76	4.47	1,695	5.81	16	1.43
Newham	490	1.71	759	5.77	4	1.52	295	7.12	407	3.77	94	2.74
Norfolk	24	1.44	52	4.81	3	0.68	187	5.26	6,366	6.08	11	1.28
North East Lincludingolnshire	0	0.00	4	6.90	0	0.00	27	4.32	1,304	5.84	4	2.11
North Lincludingolnshire	49	5.33	27	21.60	0	0.00	23	5.11	2,226	9.91	32	18.93
North Somerset	7	1.86	6	2.99	1	1.32	63	6.19	1,389	4.91	7	10.94
North Tyneside	3	0.42	0	0.00	0	0.00	14	1.74	740	2.60	0	0.00
North Yorkshire	15	1.03	14	3.92	1	0.62	166	8.41	5,623	7.25	8	2.43
Northamptonshire	51	0.95	172	2.95	3	0.82	384	6.09	4,507	4.67	32	4.15
Northumberland	11	1.87	0	0.00	1	1.09	43	5.46	4,246	9.76	1	1.04
Nottingham	172	2.15	287	5.56	1	0.47	522	9.06	1,710	6.96	89	6.82
Nottinghamshire	26	0.78	56	3.94	4	0.88	260	4.85	6,020	5.61	12	1.76
Oldham	262	1.83	29	1.93	0	0.00	96	4.76	1,035	4.20	11	2.47
Oxfordshire	148	2.64	135	5.63	6	1.63	367	6.08	3,731	4.87	26	2.11
Peterborough	154	2.40	45	3.45	0	0.00	130	5.73	1,686	6.57	17	4.20
Plymouth	4	0.96	8	2.33	0	0.00	66	6.01	2,599	7.26	12	2.19
Poole	4	0.75	0	0.00	0	0.00	25	2.99	1,070	6.09	1	1.06
Portsmouth	25	1.56	15	1.76	0	0.00	163	12.25	2,448	11.53	4	0.80
Reading	53	1.07	86	4.40	4	1.89	214	9.03	679	5.81	8	2.09
Redbridge	474	1.54	389	6.29	0	0.00	174	4.04	372	2.76	33	3.81
Redcar and Cleveland	18	9.73	0	0.00	0	0.00	40	9.13	4,087	19.51	12	17.65
Richmond upon Thames	22	1.05	52	6.37	0	0.00	108	3.69	545	2.75	23	3.89
Rochdale	175	1.96	30	2.17	1	0.98	106	6.17	1,361	5.99	5	1.23
Rotherham	137	3.89	24	3.64	0	0.00	157	12.11	3,251	8.51	9	2.80
Rutland	0	0.00	1	1.56	0	0.00	1	0.67	66	1.26	1	3.57
Salford	2	0.19	32	1.59	0	0.00	65	2.41	1,349	4.75	19	1.65
Sandwell	237	1.35	307	5.58	0	0.00	337	6.73	1,218	4.23	32	2.19
Sefton	3	0.71	1	0.65	0	0.00	35	3.57	1,029	2.75	0	0.00
Sheffield	251	2.61	207	4.40	0	0.00	636	10.58	4,201	7.52	147	5.42
Shropshire	5	1.31	8	7.48	0	0.00	40	4.21	1,764	4.79	0	0.00
Slough	204	1.35	104	4.23	0	0.00	122	4.34	309	3.67	23	1.95
Solihull	97	2.13	121	13.73	1	0.52	307	9.75	1,456	4.93	11	3.74
Somerset	17	2.20	9	3.78	1	0.81	139	7.86	5,037	7.66	13	5.39
South Gloucestershire	15	1.12	55	7.83	1	0.66	164	8.30	2,755	8.00	3	1.31
South Tyneside	3	0.36	5	4.03	0	0.00	18	3.93	537	2.71	1	0.68
Southampton	43	1.07	27	2.68	1	0.56	132	6.42	1,176	4.96	2	0.41
Southend-on-Sea	42	1.90	66	4.10	5	2.34	79	4.37	1,030	4.47	13	6.37
Southwark	19	0.82	1,031	5.84	0	0.00	265	5.33	440	3.53	57	1.84
St. Helens	5	1.92	1	0.82	0	0.00	40	8.11	1,440	5.69	0	0.00
Staffordshire	137	2.83	55	6.66	4	1.17	246	6.22	5,067	4.73	15	2.73
Stockport	61	2.13	40	7.98	4	1.82	140	6.32	1,541	4.46	10	2.58
Stockton-on-Tees	37	2.21	28	7.41	1	0.99	97	10.99	5,298	18.87	9	6.52
Stoke-on-Trent	378	6.26	40	2.94	6	3.35	214	11.16	2,751	9.50	12	1.62
Suffolk	13	0.70	37	4.13	2	2.13	273	5.05	4,884	5.37	24	2.83
Sunderland	23	1.43	9	3.17	1	0.77	45	6.66	3,675	9.86	0	0.00
Surrey	159	1.51	118	4.31	1	0.14	239	2.48	4,682	3.66	37	2.49
Sutton	68	0.86	165	5.34	3	0.47	139	3.80	910	4.22	17	2.24
Swindon	37	0.94	28	2.84	0	0.00	136	7.14	1,839	6.96	9	2.80
Tameside	146	3.58	65	7.98	1	0.71	175	10.10	2,431	8.37	18	6.47
Telford and Wrekin	87	4.39	62	6.67	1	0.81	195	13.35	2,666	10.93	1	1.19
Thurrock	10	0.66	85	2.14	0	0.00	52	3.12	449	2.22	2	0.65
Torbay	5	2.21	0	0.00	0	0.00	59	9.39	1,337	7.16	2	1.96
Tower Hamlets	520	1.81	249	5.46	1	0.38	194	6.92	328	5.50	11	0.90
Trafford	50	0.85	77	5.20	2	0.28	163	5.31	885	3.07	13	1.53
Wakefield	115	5.57	35	5.04	8	4.60	134	8.36	4,229	8.94	3	0.93
Walsall	188	1.63	115	4.75	2	1.14	211	6.43	1,524	4.78	15	2.34
Waltham Forest	230	2.08	674	8.37	0	0.00	258	5.35	608	3.69	46	2.94
Wandsworth	47	0.79	370	5.07	0	0.00	194	4.51	227	1.63	29	2.10
Warrington	19	2.06	17	8.13	1	0.74	31	2.99	950	3.24	5	1.93
Warwickshire	32	0.67	43	4.49	0	0.00	168	4.40	2,499	3.55	7	1.42
West Berkshire	19	2.13	24	6.05	2	2.41	84	6.61	858	3.78	9	5.33
West Sussex	101	1.83	82	4.88	2	0.67	326	6.13	4,252	4.35	11	1.79
Westminster	78	2.48	424	9.91	6	1.90	130	5.35	219	3.58	426	7.52
Wigan	5	0.83	13	2.23	0	0.00	31	2.93	1,957	4.50	8	1.94
Wiltshire	2	0.19	29	3.09	2	1.15	131	5.88	2,955	4.78	16	3.03
Windsor and Maidenhead	44	1.40	7	2.12	0	0.00	70	3.91	533	3.39	3	0.98
Wirral	12	0.97	14	8.28	2	0.79	61	4.40	2,208	4.78	5	2.92
Wokingham	22	0.62	36	4.51	0	0.00	89	4.91	612	3.16	2	0.81
Wolverhampton	146	1.41	287	6.19	1	0.60	431	8.42	1,138	4.97	21	3.48
Worcestershire	63	2.09	23	5.36	1	0.67	110	3.87	2,529	3.52	14	4.49
York	2	0.39	4	3.77	0	0.00	27	3.52	878	3.77	3	1.69

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Summary of Pupil exclusions Temporary exclusions by ethnicity and local authority Summary

This data shows that, in the 2017 to 2018 academic year, the highest temporary exclusion rates for each ethnic group were as follows:

• for Asian pupils, the highest rate was in Redcar and Cleveland, at 9.73% (or 973 exclusions per 10,000 pupils)
• for pupils from the Black and Other ethnic groups, they were in North Lincolnshire, at 21.60% and 18.93% (or 2,160 and 1,893 exclusions per 10,000 pupils)
• for pupils from the Chinese ethnic group, it was in Wakefield, at 4.60% (or 460 exclusions per 10,000 pupils)
• for pupils from a Mixed ethnic background, it was in Doncaster, at 23.45% (or 2,345 exclusions per 10,000 pupils)
• for White pupils, it was in Hartlepool, at 33.53% (or 3,353 exclusions per 10,000 pupils)

8. Permanent exclusions by ethnicity over time

• Location: England
• Time period: 2006/07 to 2017/18
• Source: Permanent and fixed period exclusions in England 2017 to 2018

Permanent exclusion rate, and number of permanent exclusions, by ethnicity over time

	All		Asian		Black		Chinese		Mixed		White		Other
Academic year	All %	All Number	Asian %	Asian Number	Black %	Black Number	Chinese %	Chinese Number	Mixed %	Mixed Number	White %	White Number	Other %	Other Number
2006/07	0.12	8,658	0.07	341	0.23	643	0.00	1	0.23	506	0.12	6,769	0.07	49
2007/08	0.11	8,126	0.06	307	0.24	696	0.01	3	0.20	458	0.12	6,356	0.10	79
2008/09	0.09	6,541	0.05	287	0.18	537	0.01	3	0.15	361	0.09	5,000	0.09	72
2009/10	0.08	5,732	0.04	245	0.19	599	0.01	2	0.15	385	0.08	4,322	0.06	56
2010/11	0.07	5,082	0.04	211	0.14	443	0.00	0	0.13	362	0.07	3,853	0.05	47
2011/12	0.07	5,166	0.03	216	0.12	420	0.01	3	0.13	366	0.08	3,981	0.06	55
2012/13	0.06	4,632	0.03	212	0.11	397	0.02	5	0.11	346	0.07	3,524	0.06	58
2013/14	0.06	4,949	0.03	197	0.12	433	0.01	2	0.11	350	0.07	3,804	0.05	49
2014/15	0.07	5,795	0.03	240	0.12	464	0.01	2	0.12	428	0.09	4,452	0.07	76
2015/16	0.08	6,684	0.04	314	0.14	540	0.01	3	0.14	521	0.10	5,056	0.07	89
2016/17	0.10	7,719	0.04	310	0.14	619	0.01	2	0.14	635	0.10	5,897	0.07	100
2017/18	0.10	7,905	0.04	361	0.13	588	0.01	3	0.16	745	0.10	5,945	0.06	96

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Summary of Pupil exclusions Permanent exclusions by ethnicity over time Summary

The summary below only includes figures based on enough pupils to make reliable generalisations.

This data shows that:

• the national average went from 0.12% (12 permanent exclusions per 10,000 pupils) to 0.10% (10 exclusions per 10,000 pupils) in the 12 academic years covered by this data
• it reached its lowest point in 2012 to 2014, at 0.06% (6 exclusions per 10,000 pupils)
• in every year covered by this data, the rate for pupils from Black and Mixed backgrounds was higher than the national average
• the rate for Asian pupils was consistently below the national average
• the rate for White pupils was consistently in line with the national average
• the rate for Black pupils went down from 0.23% (23 exclusions per 10,000 pupils) to 0.13% (13 exclusions per 10,000 pupils) during the period covered by this data – this was the biggest decrease out of all ethnic groups

9. Permanent exclusions by ethnicity and type of school

• Location: England
• Time period: 2017 to 2018 school year
• Source: Permanent and fixed period exclusions in England 2017 to 2018

Permanent exclusion rate, and number of permanent exclusions, by ethnicity and type of school

	State-funded primary		State-funded secondary		Special
Ethnicity	State-funded primary %	State-funded primary Number	State-funded secondary %	State-funded secondary Number	Special %	Special Number
Asian	0.00	18	0.09	336	0.06	7
Bangladeshi	0.00	1	0.09	55	0.15	3
Indian	0.00	1	0.04	41	0.05	1
Pakistani	0.01	12	0.14	193	0.04	2
Asian other	0.00	4	0.08	47	0.05	1
Black	0.03	72	0.27	508	0.10	8
Black African	0.02	27	0.18	225	0.08	4
Black Caribbean	0.08	38	0.50	212	0.06	1
Black other	0.02	7	0.30	71	0.24	3
Chinese	0.00	0	0.02	3	0.00	0
Mixed	0.05	132	0.36	606	0.10	7
Mixed White/Asian	0.02	11	0.21	84	0.00	0
Mixed White/Black African	0.04	16	0.32	69	0.11	1
Mixed White/Black Caribbean	0.09	67	0.58	268	0.05	1
Mixed other	0.04	38	0.30	185	0.19	5
White	0.03	974	0.20	4,912	0.07	59
White British	0.03	917	0.20	4,542	0.07	58
White Irish	0.04	5	0.28	29	0.00	0
Gypsy/Roma	0.10	18	0.96	77	0.00	0
Irish Traveller	0.15	7	0.88	10	0.00	0
White other	0.01	27	0.15	254	0.02	1
Other	0.01	7	0.15	88	0.05	1
Unknown	0.02	7	0.32	159	0.06	1

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Summary of Pupil exclusions Permanent exclusions by ethnicity and type of school Summary

The summary below only includes figures based on enough pupils to make reliable generalisations.

This data shows that, in the 2017 to 2018 school year:

• in every ethnic group, permanent exclusion rates were higher in secondary schools than in primary and special schools
• out of all ethnic groups and types of school, the highest rates were among Gypsy and Roma (0.96%) and Traveller of Irish Heritage pupils (0.88%) in secondary schools – these figures are based on very small pupils numbers and may be less reliable
• the next highest rates were among Mixed White and Black Caribbean pupils (0.58%), and Black Caribbean pupils (0.50%) in secondary schools

10. Permanent exclusions by ethnicity and local authority

• Location: England
• Time period: 2017 to 2018 school year
• Source: Permanent and fixed period exclusions in England 2017 to 2018

Permanent exclusion rate, and number of permanent exclusions, by ethnicity and local authority

	Asian		Black		Chinese		Mixed		White		Other
Local Authority	Asian Number	Asian %	Black Number	Black %	Chinese Number	Chinese %	Mixed Number	Mixed %	White Number	White %	Other Number	Other %
Barking and Dagenham	0	0.00	3	0.03	0	0.00	3	0.09	11	0.07	2	0.27
Barnet	1	0.01	5	0.08	0	0.00	5	0.08	12	0.04	6	0.10
Barnsley	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	1	0.13	44	0.14	0	0.00
Bath and North East Somerset	0	0.00	3	1.32	0	0.00	3	0.22	23	0.10	0	0.00
Bedford	5	0.11	10	0.62	0	0.00	12	0.43	27	0.14	0	0.00
Bexley	1	0.03	6	0.08	1	0.17	4	0.13	41	0.15	1	0.17
Birmingham	34	0.05	46	0.19	0	0.00	33	0.20	99	0.14	6	0.06
Blackburn with Darwen	1	0.01	0	0.00	0	0.00	1	0.11	7	0.05	0	0.00
Blackpool	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	3	0.50	39	0.22	0	0.00
Bolton	4	0.03	2	0.07	0	0.00	4	0.20	67	0.21	0	0.00
Bournemouth	1	0.12	0	0.00	0	0.00	8	0.51	42	0.21	0	0.00
Bracknell Forest	0	0.00	1	0.19	0	0.00	0	0.00	15	0.10	0	0.00
Bradford	9	0.02	0	0.00	0	0.00	1	0.02	15	0.03	0	0.00
Brent	4	0.03	15	0.14	0	0.00	1	0.03	3	0.03	4	0.08
Brighton and Hove	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	2	0.06	9	0.04	0	0.00
Bristol City of	0	0.00	4	0.06	0	0.00	2	0.04	8	0.02	0	0.00
Bromley	1	0.03	7	0.14	0	0.00	7	0.13	41	0.12	1	0.15
Buckinghamshire	7	0.05	3	0.14	0	0.00	8	0.13	46	0.08	1	0.19
Bury	4	0.09	3	0.42	0	0.00	3	0.22	45	0.20	1	0.28
Calderdale	2	0.03	1	0.32	0	0.00	1	0.07	38	0.14	0	0.00
Cambridgeshire	0	0.00	1	0.10	0	0.00	0	0.00	6	0.01	0	0.00
Camden	2	0.05	2	0.05	0	0.00	4	0.15	11	0.13	2	0.14
Central Bedfordshire	1	0.09	3	0.28	0	0.00	7	0.27	44	0.11	0	0.00
Cheshire East	1	0.11	1	0.45	0	0.00	4	0.22	36	0.07	0	0.00
Cheshire West and Chester	0	0.00	1	0.49	0	0.00	1	0.08	22	0.05	0	0.00
City of London	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00
Cornwall	0	0.00	1	1.69	0	0.00	0	0.00	71	0.10	0	0.00
Coventry	0	0.00	8	0.13	0	0.00	11	0.30	50	0.15	1	0.11
Croydon	4	0.04	18	0.11	0	0.00	7	0.08	6	0.03	0	0.00
Cumbria	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	3	0.28	85	0.13	0	0.00
Darlington	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	10	0.07	0	0.00
Derby	7	0.09	4	0.25	0	0.00	11	0.35	41	0.15	0	0.00
Derbyshire	0	0.00	1	0.27	0	0.00	7	0.24	168	0.17	0	0.00
Devon	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	5	0.23	96	0.10	1	0.13
Doncaster	1	0.07	1	0.18	0	0.00	1	0.07	38	0.09	0	0.00
Dorset	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	4	0.25	57	0.11	1	0.69
Dudley	4	0.08	6	0.47	0	0.00	12	0.38	68	0.19	2	0.23
Durham	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	2	0.19	86	0.12	0	0.00
Ealing	12	0.08	17	0.20	0	0.00	15	0.32	7	0.04	8	0.10
East Riding of Yorkshire	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	1	0.10	31	0.07	0	0.00
East Sussex	0	0.00	1	0.21	0	0.00	9	0.28	72	0.12	0	0.00
Enfield	4	0.08	17	0.12	0	0.00	11	0.18	19	0.07	4	0.12
Essex	1	0.02	6	0.09	0	0.00	8	0.08	78	0.04	0	0.00
Gateshead	1	0.14	1	0.24	0	0.00	2	0.35	53	0.21	0	0.00
Gloucestershire	1	0.04	4	0.32	0	0.00	8	0.20	110	0.14	0	0.00
Greenwich	1	0.03	4	0.03	0	0.00	2	0.04	5	0.03	0	0.00
Hackney	2	0.05	23	0.19	0	0.00	9	0.25	12	0.10	5	0.25
Halton	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	1	0.21	19	0.10	0	0.00
Hammersmith and Fulham	1	0.07	7	0.15	0	0.00	6	0.23	11	0.13	2	0.09
Hampshire	1	0.02	0	0.00	0	0.00	2	0.03	57	0.04	0	0.00
Haringey	0	0.00	13	0.14	0	0.00	5	0.11	7	0.04	1	0.04
Harrow	8	0.05	15	0.40	0	0.00	7	0.23	11	0.11	3	0.17
Hartlepool	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	11	0.08	0	0.00
Havering	1	0.04	5	0.11	0	0.00	3	0.11	28	0.10	0	0.00
Herefordshire	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	17	0.08	0	0.00
Hertfordshire	5	0.03	10	0.12	0	0.00	28	0.20	108	0.07	1	0.05
Hillingdon	3	0.02	8	0.15	0	0.00	7	0.12	24	0.11	4	0.10
Hounslow	8	0.06	11	0.21	0	0.00	5	0.13	8	0.05	4	0.09
Isle of Wight	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	13	0.08	0	0.00
Isles Of Scilly	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00
Islington	2	0.09	5	0.09	0	0.00	8	0.21	9	0.09	1	0.06